RRAD inhibits the Warburg effect through negative regulation of the NF-κB signaling
RRAD inhibits the Warburg effect through negative regulation of the NF-κB signaling
Cancer cells preferentially use aerobic glycolysis to meet their increased energetic and biosynthetic demands, a phenomenon known as the Warburg effect. Its underlying mechanism is not fully understood. RRAD, a small GTPase, is a potential tumor suppressor in lung cancer. RRAD expression is frequently down-regulated in lung cancer, which is associated with tumor progression and poor prognosis. Recently, RRAD was reported to repress the Warburg effect, indicating that down-regulation of RRAD expression is an important mechanism contributing to the Warburg effect in lung cancer. However, the mechanism by which RRAD inhibits the Warburg effect remains unclear. Here, we found that RRAD negatively regulates the NF-κB signaling to inhibit the GLUT1 translocation and the Warburg effect in lung cancer cells. Mechanically, RRAD directly binds to the p65 subunit of the NF-κB complex and inhibits the nuclear translocation of p65, which in turn negatively regulates the NF-κB signaling to inhibit GLUT1 translocation and the Warburg effect. Blocking the NF-κB signaling largely abolishes the inhibitory effects of RRAD on the translocation of GLUT1 to the plasma membrane and the Warburg effect. Taken together, our results revealed a novel mechanism by which RRAD negatively regulates the Warburg effect in lung cancer cells.
- Zhejiang Ocean University China (People's Republic of)
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey United States
- Rutgers Cancer Institute United States
- Rutgers Health United States
- Zhejiang University China (People's Republic of)
Cell Nucleus, Glucose Transporter Type 1, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Blotting, Western, Cell Membrane, NF-kappa B, Transcription Factor RelA, Protein Transport, Cell Line, Tumor, ras Proteins, Humans, RNA Interference, Glycolysis, Protein Binding, Signal Transduction
Cell Nucleus, Glucose Transporter Type 1, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Blotting, Western, Cell Membrane, NF-kappa B, Transcription Factor RelA, Protein Transport, Cell Line, Tumor, ras Proteins, Humans, RNA Interference, Glycolysis, Protein Binding, Signal Transduction
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