Influenza A Virus Does Not Encode a Tetherin Antagonist with Vpu-Like Activity and Induces IFN-Dependent Tetherin Expression in Infected Cells
Copyright policy )Influenza A Virus Does Not Encode a Tetherin Antagonist with Vpu-Like Activity and Induces IFN-Dependent Tetherin Expression in Infected Cells
The interferon-induced host cell factor tetherin inhibits release of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from the plasma membrane of infected cells and is counteracted by the HIV-1 protein Vpu. Influenza A virus (FLUAV) also buds from the plasma membrane and is not inhibited by tetherin. Here, we investigated if FLUAV encodes a functional equivalent of Vpu for tetherin antagonism. We found that expression of the FLUAV protein NS1, which antagonizes the interferon (IFN) response, did not block the tetherin-mediated restriction of HIV release, which was rescued by Vpu. Similarly, tetherin-mediated inhibition of HIV release was not rescued by FLUAV infection. In contrast, FLUAV infection induced tetherin expression on target cells in an IFN-dependent manner. These results suggest that FLUAV escapes the antiviral effects of tetherin without encoding a tetherin antagonist with Vpu-like activity.
- German Primate Center Germany
- Ulm University Medical Center Germany
- University of Ulm Germany
- University of Münster Germany
- Hannover Medical School Germany
Gene Expression Regulation, Viral, Science, Human Immunodeficiency Virus Proteins, Medizin, GPI-Linked Proteins, Antigens, CD, Cell Line, Tumor, Humans, Viral Regulatory and Accessory Proteins, Q, Cell Membrane, R, Virion, Flow Cytometry, HEK293 Cells, Influenza A virus, HIV-1, Medicine, Interferons, Research Article, HeLa Cells, Plasmids
Gene Expression Regulation, Viral, Science, Human Immunodeficiency Virus Proteins, Medizin, GPI-Linked Proteins, Antigens, CD, Cell Line, Tumor, Humans, Viral Regulatory and Accessory Proteins, Q, Cell Membrane, R, Virion, Flow Cytometry, HEK293 Cells, Influenza A virus, HIV-1, Medicine, Interferons, Research Article, HeLa Cells, Plasmids
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