Molecular Mechanism for Antibody-Dependent Enhancement of Coronavirus Entry
Molecular Mechanism for Antibody-Dependent Enhancement of Coronavirus Entry
Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of viral entry has been observed for many viruses. It was shown that antibodies target one serotype of viruses but only subneutralize another, leading to ADE of the latter viruses. Here we identify a novel mechanism for ADE: a neutralizing antibody binds to the surface spike protein of coronaviruses like a viral receptor, triggers a conformational change of the spike, and mediates viral entry into IgG Fc receptor-expressing cells through canonical viral-receptor-dependent pathways. We further evaluated how antibody dosages impacted viral entry into cells expressing viral receptor, Fc receptor, or both receptors. This study reveals complex roles of antibodies in viral entry and can guide future vaccine design and antibody-based drug therapy.
- University of Minnesota United States
- New York Blood Center United States
- Chinese Academy of Sciences China (People's Republic of)
- Wuhan Institute of Virology China (People's Republic of)
Protein Conformation, Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4, Immunology, Receptors, Fc, Antibodies, Viral, Microbiology, Cell Line, Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments, Protein Domains, Virology, Humans, Trypsin, Receptors, IgG, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Virus Internalization, Antibodies, Neutralizing, Antibody-Dependent Enhancement, Virus-Cell Interactions, Insect Science, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus, Receptors, Virus, Proprotein Convertases, Protein Multimerization, Peptide Hydrolases
Protein Conformation, Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4, Immunology, Receptors, Fc, Antibodies, Viral, Microbiology, Cell Line, Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments, Protein Domains, Virology, Humans, Trypsin, Receptors, IgG, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Virus Internalization, Antibodies, Neutralizing, Antibody-Dependent Enhancement, Virus-Cell Interactions, Insect Science, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus, Receptors, Virus, Proprotein Convertases, Protein Multimerization, Peptide Hydrolases
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