Transcriptional Integration of TLR2 and TLR4 Signaling at the NCoR Derepression Checkpoint
Transcriptional Integration of TLR2 and TLR4 Signaling at the NCoR Derepression Checkpoint
Activation of toll-like receptors (TLRs) leads to derepression and subsequent activation of inflammatory response genes that play essential roles in innate and acquired immunity. Derepression requires signal-dependent turnover of the nuclear receptor corepressor NCoR from target promoters, but the mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we report that TLR4 uses NFkappaB to deliver IKKepsilon to target promoters that contain "integrated circuits" of kappaB and AP-1 sites, resulting in local phosphorylation of c-Jun and subsequent NCoR clearance. In contrast, TLR2 signaling leads to rapid activation of CaMKII and phosphorylation of the TBLR1 component of NCoR complexes, bypassing the requirement for c-Jun phosphorylation and enabling NCoR clearance from promoters lacking integrated kappaB elements. Intriguingly, the IKKvarepsilon-dependent clearance pathway is sensitive to transrepression by liver X receptors, while the CaMKII-dependent pathway is not. These findings reveal mechanisms for integration of TLR, calcium, and nuclear receptor signaling pathways that underlie pathogen-specific responses and disease-specific programs of inflammation.
- University of California, San Diego United States
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute United States
- University of California, San Diego United States
- University of Turin Italy
- University of Milan Italy
Lipopolysaccharides, Chromatin Immunoprecipitation, Immunoblotting, Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear, Cell Line, Lipopeptides, Mice, Animals, Nuclear Receptor Co-Repressor 1, Nuclear Receptor Co-Repressor 2, Phosphorylation, Molecular Biology, Cells, Cultured, Liver X Receptors, PROTEINS; RNA, Nuclear Proteins, Cell Biology, Orphan Nuclear Receptors, DNA-Binding Proteins, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mutation, RNA Interference, Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2
Lipopolysaccharides, Chromatin Immunoprecipitation, Immunoblotting, Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear, Cell Line, Lipopeptides, Mice, Animals, Nuclear Receptor Co-Repressor 1, Nuclear Receptor Co-Repressor 2, Phosphorylation, Molecular Biology, Cells, Cultured, Liver X Receptors, PROTEINS; RNA, Nuclear Proteins, Cell Biology, Orphan Nuclear Receptors, DNA-Binding Proteins, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mutation, RNA Interference, Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2
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