Freshwater biodiversity is highly impacted by mining activities as the effects of exploitation, alteration and pollution of water bodies can propagate for miles downstream of the mine. The transition to a carbon-neutral economy might further increase such impacts as it requires six times more raw materials than today. I will quantify for the first time the impacts of mining activities on freshwater biodiversity globally and integrate these impacts in sustainability assessment tools to evaluate biodiversity impacts of energy transition scenarios. This is crucial to guide raw materials sourcing towards more biodiversity-inclusive development strategies and avert the impending biodiversity crisis.