Food production in Acholi / West Nile region, Northern Uganda is constrained by labour constraints, unsustainable soil fertility management and vulnerability to climate change. Consequently, rural households are food insecure and trends are that their access to food will worsen further. Some farmers have themselves developed a range of promising initiatives in the domain of Conservation Agriculture (CA). This research project will first establish the relationship between these promising initiatives, the productivity of the farming systems, and the sustainability and resilience of its land management. Secondly, the project will identify and develop methods for improving the effectiveness, sustainability and resilience of the local CA initiatives. This will be done with the local farmers and rural extension services, in various rounds of participatory on-farm field testing, evaluations and fine-tuning. Thirdly, capacity building trajectories will be pursued for extension services and best methods will be incorporated in the farmer support and dissemination mechanisms.