The aim of the proposed research on smart urban retrofitting is to identify the social and institutional conditions under which smart retrofitting of urban housing in China and the Netherlands may lead to decoupling of domestic energy demand and greenhouse gas emissions. Apart from the use of smart technologies like smart meters and smart energy systems in energy retrofitting, the ?smartness? of urban retrofitting in this project also refers to the inclusion of end-user perspectives and the co-producing consumer. The project entails a comparative multiple case study of smart retrofitting projects in Amsterdam and Mianyang. Policy documents will be studied, and project initiators, local authorities, housing corporations, grid operators and utilities will be interrogated on the set up and governance of these projects, while changing energy practices of residents will be studied by means of interviews, observations and a series of consumer focus groups both in Amsterdam and in Mianyang. The energy practices that emerge as an implication of smart urban retrofitting will be central to this study, next to the identification of new social relations amongst and between householders and housing and energy providers. Results of the project will inform policy makers and practitioners in Amsterdam and Mianyang on the implications for consumers and providers of smart retrofitting projects in terms of new emerging energy practices and new relations between consumers and providers.