Mathematics is the language of science and hence is universal. On the other hand, mathematics is also part of culture, and one notices important cultural differences in the historical development of mathematics in Japan and in the Netherlands. Despite the globalization and the internationalization of science, many of these aspects are visible even today. In our opinion, bringing together two different mathematical traditions is highly beneficial. This difference in style is largely present today in the respective communities in the Netherlands and Japan. However, there are also methods and techniques that develop in parallel (e.g., lace expansions, large deviations). Scientific discussions, exchange of ideas, and collaboration between the communities is already present on the individual level but there is a definite need, and in fact, some urgency, to bring the cooperation and collaboration on a higher level. In both countries, we currently have a surprisingly strong upcoming generation of talented young researchers. Now is the right moment to create the necessary momentum for the training of the next generation and to shape the future collaboration between the communities. It is important to add that in the field of probability theory Japan and the Netherlands both have a very prominent position, and are able to compete with mathematical “superpowers” like the US and France. With the present application, our primary objective is to facilitate collaboration between the two communities. In fact, we plan that the Japan-Netherlands Seminar in Probability will become a regular event, alternating between the two countries every 1-2 years.