About 25% of Dutch citizens find themselves in vulnerable positions, including people with problematic debts and people receiving social assistance. People in those groups often lack sufficient conditions, such as financial resources and a supportive informal network, for healthy lifestyles and mental health. Social policies can improve the conditions for those groups, but can also cause additional burden. In this project we investigate, in eight municipalities, how social policies can contribute to health while limiting adverse effects. Through developing implementation strategies, we aim for a break-through in conditions for healthy lifestyles and mental health for citizens in vulnerable positions.