Vortices lie at the heart of classical fluid dynamics in both nature and technology. Likewise, vortices play an essential role in quantum fluids and solids, determining their fundamental transport properties. This project will explore both fundamental and practical aspects of quantum vortices at a new level using the platform of quantum gases, expanding the horizons of vortex research. It aims at experimentally addressing intractable vortex problems by taking the best advantage of the latest quantum technologies and the favorable time and length scales of vortex dynamics in ultracold atomic superfluids. First, I will explore both two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) vortex dynamics in a homogeneous box potential, with an emphasis on the universal characteristics of vortex dynamics on macroscopic length scales. Changing the vortex length inside a uniform trap will allow us to cross freely from 2D to 3D vortex physics. Second, I will study vortex dynamics in sophisticatedly tailored pinning landscapes. The unprecedented controllability of these arbitrary pinning potentials and vortex configurations will enable us to shed new light on many elementary aspects of vortex dynamics, paving the way for engineering vortex mobility and thus directly impacting superconductor research.