Elements such as Ca and Mg are crucial in many synthetic and natural materials, including bones and teeth. The intrinsic structural complexity of these materials calls for the development of original and advanced characterization techniques. New and promising preliminary results obtained by 43Ca DNP (Dynamic Nuclear Polarization)-enhanced NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) at natural abundance (0.14 %) have shown that an unprecedented description of chemical environments around Ca atoms can be reached (distinction of surface and core sites in nanomaterials), circumventing the ultra-low sensitivity of 43Ca! Thus, the objectives of the project are: (i) methodological development of the DNP-NMR experiment, (ii) optimisation of this new technique for the description of Ca and Mg environments in synthetic biomaterials, (iii) in-depth study by 43Ca and 25Mg DNP-NMR of bones of normal and genetically engineered mice, in view of expanding our understanding of human bone pathologies.