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While it is now unanimously agreed that pesticides are responsible for some effects on human health, many questions remain unanswered with regard to specific pesticides, specific health outcomes sensitive populations, etc. For instance, the effects of neonicotinoids, glyphosate and SDHI have been called into question in recent years, as has the specific impact on children or individuals living near treated fields. Additional questions will undoubtedly emerge in the coming years concerning the many hundreds of substances that have been registered in France since 1950. Precise knowledge of each molecule or situation thus appears necessary in order to answer public health questions, to put forward appropriate preventive measures, to direct alternative solutions and guide compensation measures for occupational diseases. Most of the knowledge acquired over the last few decades on the effects of pesticides mainly comes from studies on farmers, but agriculture does not cover all exposure situations, nor all the molecules to which the population may be exposed. In France, the “Labbé” regulation currently limits the use of synthetic pesticides in non-agricultural areas. While the use of conventional pesticides has been virtually banned in urban areas and for individuals, it remains in use by professionals in many cases (e.g. on sports fields, transport infrastructure, and by horticulturalists and plant-nursery workers). Finally, not all the effects of past exposure are not known and alternatives - such as pyrethrum derivatives, other biopesticides or even nanopesticides - also need to be studied both now and in the future. Our main research hypothesis is that pesticides - including biopesticides - used in green spaces both now and / or in the past may have a chronic health impact on workers and the general population linked to their composition and to their use practices. The main objective of EVISA is to provide new insights into past and present pesticide exposures to in the green spaces and their potential health effects, based on real-life data. Multidisciplinary, associating epidemiology, expology, chemistry and ergonomics, EVISA has 3 axes: 1) identification of the uses of pesticides. It will consist in building a task-exposure matrix giving the correspondence between the different tasks carried out by workers in green spaces (weeding, treatment of ornamental plants, etc.) and the substances they may have handled during their career. 2) characterization of exposures. This axis will make it possible, through field studies, to determine the levels of exposure to pesticides among workers in green spaces during treatments and on the following days in contact with plants and surfaces, and to identify the determinants of these levels. 3) health analysis within the AGRICAN cohort. The aim will be to study the association between the parameters of pesticide exposure and the occurrence of various diseases (cancer in general and certain subtypes: prostate, lung, bladder, colon-rectum, central nervous system; neurodegenerative diseases. : Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease; respiratory disease: asthma, chronic bronchitis, etc.) in a subgroup of 6,247 green space workers. The 3 research teams brought together form a multidisciplinary consortium that has experience of working together for several years.The project will provide new data on the exposure and health effects of pesticides in general and glyphosate in particular. The results obtained will be very useful in terms of prevention by providing a better understanding of the determinants of occupational exposure.
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