On November 17th 2019, a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) became epidemic in Wuhan, Hubei province, China. By, March 11th 2020, the SARS-CoV-2 became pandemic according to the World Health Organization (WHO). Reunion Island, a French overseas department in the South-West Indian Ocean with a long story of social inequalities, was hit by this epidemic the same day. During March 2020, several nationwide countermeasures were ordered (mainly, social distancing and lockdown), with the goal to reduce, both the human contacts and SARS-CoV-2 spread within the general population. Those universal prevention measures (dedicated to the general population) were aimed at flattening the epidemic curve and avoiding the hospitals to be overwhelmed. However, given these unprecedented measures, some population adverse effects were expected, these with a higher probability to affect the most isolated or deprived persons, especially the elderly people and those experiencing poor living conditions. We assumed that social distancing and lockdown, as preventive measures to tackle the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic, may have contributed to the increase of Social Inequalities in Health (SIH) on Reunion Island, in terms of stress, anxiety, depression, addictions, violence, inactivity, obesity and difficulties in healthcare access. Ré-Conf-ISS is an anonymous phone survey designed by the CIC1410 (Inserm/CHU de la Réunion) in collaboration with the ORS Océan Indien and EQUITY team from UMR1027 (LEASP), respectively. Its primary objective is to describe, just after the lockdown event, the state of health of the Reunionese population according to its socioeconomic characteristics, mainly the district deprivation level and the housing conditions experienced during the lockdown. The study population is composed of persons aged 18 years and older, without curatorship, who were living on the island before the lockdown started, and stayed within all through the lockdown event. This cross-sectional survey plans to enroll a total of 900 individuals selected (via the ‘Pages Blanches’ telephone directory) within the 114 main Reunion districts as defined by the Insee Reunion, following the quotas of major inhabitants for these main districts and their deprivation level (5 groups). The questionnaire describes the individual socio-economic characteristics, housing and its equipment, the close environment to the habitat occupied during the lockdown, the exposure to the epidemic, the psychological state, the addictive behaviors and lifestyle, nutritional status and physical activity, as well as the healthcare use. Two objectives detail the children health reported by the co-enrolled parent and intimate partner violence. By July 25th 2020, inclusions and data collection – both started on May the 13th – have finished with a cumulated number of 900 phone interviews acquired. The study findings will be communicated as a report, aimed at informing the local authorities and the media towards the Reunion Island population. The Ré-Conf-ISS study should help to inform policy makers and public health stakeholders about the vulnerable populations faced with a lockdown event. It will also be used to propose adjustments and guide the countermeasures to prevent the difficulties linked to the lockdown event with a special target to locally reducing the SIH, in the perspective of a next epidemic wave or another health crisis leading for similar measures implemented on this territory. This proposal addresses the general theme "Risk assessment for vulnerable populations and influence of social and behavioral factors and co-morbidities" of the "Epidemiological studies" section of this call for projects.