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The Opportunity (E)4 project proposes to explore the outlines of an innovative method, which is the chemical recovery of phytoextraction technologies and wastes, which are contaminated with trace metal elements. Taking advantage of the adaptive capacity of certain plants to hyperaccumulate Zn2+, Ni2+, Mn2+ and/or Al3+ cations in their aerial parts, the design of this project is based on the direct using of metal derived from plants as supported "Lewis acid" catalysts in organic chemistry. The catalytic support is mining (tailings and slag) wastes. The project is the result of public, semi-public research and private society collaboration, which have chosen to combine their skills in phytoextraction through the sustainable ecological rehabilitation of mining sites in Gard and in New Caledonia, respecting local biodiversity. Vegetable and metallic wastes will be directly recovered and transformed into green catalysts. Then, they will be dispersed and stabilized on wastes to lead to cleaner, greener new technology and to lower production costs than the classic process. These original polymetallic systems will serve as heterogeneous catalysts in synthetic transformations allowing access to molecules with high added value (aromatic heterocycle scaffolds and oligomers of biological interest, chiral cyclic structures, key intermediates of the industrial chemistry...). The design of these processes will allow recycling through simple filtration. It will be also adapted to the new economic constraints and it will constitute a concrete solution to the criticality of non renewable mineral materials. Overall scientific program will be undertaken in closed association with the actors, local communities and structures under French state control. It will be the subject of activities, which may be supported by industrial groups in complementary fields (restoration ecology, mining and chemical industries). The ultimate aim of this interdisciplinary research is an environmental and socio-economic reconstruction of sites, which have been damaged by mining activities.
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