Millions of non-native fishes (both species and genotypes) are regularly released into the wild in Europe, either intentionally by stocking or non-intentionally by escapes from aquaculture. Non-native fishes can become invasive and constitute a continuous threat to biodiversity. Salmonids are an iconic fish family of great socio-economic and cultural importance in Europe. They are widely distributed in both marine, coastal and freshwater ecosystems, and they continue to be cultured and released in large numbers into the wild. Often non-native genotypes are transferred across catchments creating a ongoing ecological and genetic burden on wild fish. Overall, salmonids constitute an excellent model system to study the causes and consequences of invasions using an integrated approach that combines ecological, evolutionary, fisheries biological and socio-economic approaches. Our SalmoInvade proposal combines expertise from five research institutions/countries to study salmonid fishes as potentially invasive species/genotypes, and understand the psychological, economic and governance conditions and pathways by which humans relate to these fishes. Our objectives are (1) to understand the invasion potential of non-native salmonids in nature, including genetically modified and non-native genotypes, and their ecological and genetic impacts, (2) to reveal the biological and social mechanisms of establishment, and (3) to understand how the public and stakeholders in various European cultures conceptualize and rationalize biological invasions and their own engagement in the spread of non-natives in light of their perceptions about complex concepts such as biodiversity and biological invasions. In order to achieve our aims, we have designed studies : 1.to evaluate current releases of non-native salmonids in Europe and the social, economic and ecological mechanisms underlying their invasion potential, 2. to investigate the ecological and evolutionary impacts of biological invasions by salmonids, 3.to evaluate how salmonid invasions are perceived by the public and by key stakeholders. Our project finally aims at providing well-informed, integrated recommendations for policy and management of salmonid invasions. The project will be organized in four work packages (WPs) addressing the main objectives of the proposal. Each WP is divided into several tasks, each addressing a specific sub-objective of the WP. SalmoInvade will be coordinated by Professor Jörgen Johnsson at the University of Gothenburg. Prof. Johnsson will also lead WP1. WP2 will be jointly led by Dr. Kjetil Hindar at the Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA) and Dr. Julien Cucherousset at University Paul Sabatier/CNRS, and WP3 will be led by Professor Robert Arlinghaus at the Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB) in Berlin, Germany. WP 4 will be coordinated by Jörgen Johnsson with contribution from all partners. Other project participants will take an active part in the project through their involvement in several WP and tasks. The strength of our proposal is the building of a strong interdisciplinary team that contributes complementary competences in genetics, ecological, human dimensions and environmental economics, revolving around the important model systems “salmonid species”. With our project we want to develop the foundation for sustainable development of salmonid fisheries in light of the societal desire to curtail their invasion potential.