The ECOTERA project aims at producing multidisciplinary knowledge and develop tools to allow local actors to explore under what conditions the eco-efficiency of agricultural production systems can lead to sustainable development trajectories of their territory. It will be carried out in the Brazilian Amazon, in the municipality of Paragominas. Indeed, global changes particularly affect the Amazon region, redefining the relations between agricultural and forest production and the environment. In the Brazilian Amazon, agricultural expansion over forest areas, which was the « engine of development » during five decades, is no longer possible. This breaking point imposed by strong interventions of the federal state, led to a drastic reduction of deforestation. In this now limited space, Amazonian territories need to plan and promote a rapid land transition while meeting increasing social and productive demands. Faced with this challenge, a new political discourse emerges, driven by agricultural leaders and elected officials. They want to promote the eco-efficiency of production systems, to become more competitive and increase value of products through a green image, allowing a new type of development of territories. In this context, Paragominas is emblematic, as it has implemented a "Green Municipality" model. However, a territorial diagnostic study carried out in 2012 shows that although the objectives of reducing deforestation are met, the knowledge and tools to promote ecoefficiency throughout the territory remain limited and the risk of segregation within the territory are high. The project is organized around a coordination task (task 1) and three scientific tasks which link the farm and territory levels. Task 2 evaluates the ecoefficiencies of production systems and landscapes with spatial indicators and mapping tools. Task 3 analyzes the geographical and organized proximities (groups of actors, networks) and how they influence the territorial innovation dynamics (construction and appropriation of technical and organizational models) related to eco-efficiency and adaptation to global changes. Task 4 will incorporate the results of the previous two tasks by building territorial development scenarios and linking them to farm level scenarios. In order to build operational knowledge, this process involves Companion Modeling (Commod), in which actors consider various options of public policies and development constraints and opportunities related to global change. This approach will build and explore strategies for territorial and individual action which can inspire other municipalities to reconcile the search for ecoefficiency and sustainable territorial development. The EcoTera project relies on a multidisciplinary group of fifteen French and Brazilian researchers who have been working and collaborating for most of a decade in the Amazon. To this main team, have been added French institutions of references on key approaches for the project: eco-efficiency (UMR ESO) and proximity (UMR SADAPT). This team also benefits from the strategic relay of CIFOR and of different scientific networks.