The ESTUER project takes the Loire estuary as an 'energy space', i.e. a node crossed by multiple flows of matter and energy (coal, gas, oil, electricity, but also tides, sun and wind), a place where energy infrastructures are projected (networks, power stations, ports) and a territory challenged by various stakeholders, from environmental mobilizations to the European Union, the Nantes metropolis, the Pays de la Loire region and the French state. Our hypothesis is that there is a strong link between material, political and social histories of energy spaces. Our ambition is to shed light on this link in the Loire estuary since the 1980s through an interdisciplinary approach combining geography, history, political science and sociology. Our main field of investigation is the Carnet site in the middle of the estuary where have been intertwined infrastructural changes, innovation policies and social mobilization around energy for 40 years. This place was chosen for two energy infrastructure projects: a nuclear power plant by EDF (1981-1997) and an eco-technology park by the harbor administration since 2019. These two projects were contested by groups of local residents, farmers, students, ecologists and citizens in a context of loss of energy, agricultural and material autonomy in the Loire-Atlantique area. Our study is organised around three research perspectives: 1) The technopolitics of energy examines the energy policies of regional, national and European administrations and the strategies of appropriation of physical, discursive and mental spaces by the actors of the land development; 2) The sociopolitics of environmental mobilizations focuses on the groups mobilized against energy projects for the last 40 years with a sociohistorical approach; 3) metabolism analysis examines the articulation of territorial metabolism and the local conflicts and struggles.