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Shopping constitutes, depending on the location, about one-sixth of all private trips. A large proportion of these are made by car, even for short distances. Moreover, a large share of emissions from shopping travel is accounted for by trips to distant facilities, even when opportunities are available nearer. Meanwhile, recent changes in shopping, e.g., increased online shopping, have resulted in a sharp increase in delivery traffic (and a parallel but lesser reduction in car-based shopping trips). Within urban outskirts, these issues are amplified as shopping opportunities within 15 minutes may be limited, requiring further travel or home delivery. While there are insights on mobility trends, consumer behaviour, and innovative forms of urban logistics, there is a need for cities to develop a strategic integrated view on the traffic generated from urban logistics and individual shopping behaviour, and their interaction. FRESH aims: To investigate for the urban outskirts the conditions necessary to reduce motorized transport for shopping, whether by individuals or by last-mile urban logistics services, and to develop design and planning guidelines to achieve this. Engaging in co-design with stakeholders, we will assess how urban planning in different settings impacts integrated personal and freight travel demand and consequent overall transport, emission and liveability. We will apply a mix of methods. This will include: scenario analyses, SWOT analysis, freight data needs, vehicle counts, establishment surveys, use of carrier data, statistical analyses on existing data, our own stated preference and revealed preference data on shopping and travel behaviour, observations, model development and co-creation. This mix of methods will allow us to understand the entire system, i.e., the supply and demand side of urban freight that results from shopping, from different angles. This project advances the state of the art by an integrated assessment on how urban and transport planning in different settings impacts on personal and freight demand and supply, and how these interactions impact on overall transport, emissions, and liveability. More specific points of innovations include the focus on shopping (an under-explored topic of suburban mobility), urban logistics in the urban outskirts, and the integrated focus on both personal and freight transport, including the interactions between the two.
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