AI Approach - These days, shoulder surfing attacks are very common. Sometimes these attacks are unintentional and without any adverse intention to steal any sensitive information. Yet, they are lethal with or without any ill intentions to obtain any sensitive data. There are studies in which these attacks are addressed and relevant proposals are present to provide robust countermeasures. However, with the increase use of smart devices, shoulder surfing attacks are becoming a challenging security concern. This project is to address this issue and to integrate the fast growing AI/ML techniques to examine and propose an effective and secure biometric continuous authentication framework that can be implemented on smart devices to protect the user sensitive information from these attacks. This study is going to perform a detailed security and privacy analysis of the existing biometrics-based continuous authentication schemes using machine learning and AI based algorithms, such as, kNN, K-Means and Random Forest. The security risk analysis is investigated using Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) system. The offered risk analysis is further utilized to countermeasure the shoulder surfing attacks and other relevant security attacks by proposing and developing a more robust and privacy preserving biometric continuous authentication framework. The BAN or SVO logical analysis is going to be used to provide a logical security analysis and the framework is going to be implemented using Scyther or Tamarin Prover to provide an automated security analysis.

Under the Equality Act 2010, all further and higher education institutions is Scotland are required to make "reasonable adjustments to ensure that students with disabilities which affect their studies are not placed at a disadvantage" (Children and Families Directorate, 2019). Reasonable adjustments are defined as changes that provide additional support or specialist equipment (Government Digital, 2015). Although the 2018 report by The Scottish Government shows an increase in the proportion of learning hours delivered to students with declared disabilities and despite increase in widening access, participation and inclusion at universities, and a rising number of entrants to a full-time higher education in Scotland, disabled students are still underrepresented (Commissioner for Fair Access, 2019; Fuller et al., 2004). Most of the available literature on students with disabilities focuses primarily on improving curriculum, access to learning materials, specialist technology, and help with exams and time management (Claiborne et al., 2011; Leyser, 2011; Gibson, 2015). Although there is a growing number of studies exploring the experiences of disabled students in higher education (Brandt, 2011; Moriña, 2015; Moriña, 2017), there are not many available resources to evaluate how disabled university students in Scotland experience other aspects of their student lives, such as extra-curricular activities and social events. The study by Wessel at al. (2009) revealed that higher and further education institutions encounter a high dropout rate by students with disabilities within the first 6 weeks, this time is also considered crucial, as it is during that period that students are to most susceptible to feeling left out (Tinto, 1988). Multiple studies have shown that implementation of campus-wide approaches to student participation improve student retention and increase the chances of student's success post-study (Moriña, 2017; Zorec et al., 2022). Campus-wide approaches to the inclusion of all students involve the work and collaboration of all university staff and cover all areas of student experience

Intelligent and Privacy-preserving security solutions for IoT networks - Connecting everything to the internet via IPv6 protocols has led to a boom in Internet of Things-enabled smart devices, from Industrial monitoring, and medical healthcare devices to making our life easier at home with devices like smart fridges or child monitoring dolls [1] The Internet of Things allows for the self-configuration and automatic interaction between nodes, sensors objects, etc.(without any human interaction) Though we have yet to achieve the complete range of possibilities that can be provided by IoT devices. The industry itself is still gaining mass traction and will significantly impact every aspect of people's lives in the near future.[2], [3]. However, this rapid increase in IoT devices has led to some significant security and privacy issues.[4], [5] mainly due to the fragmentation within the IOT field, Organisations bring these smart devices to the market having introduced their own protocols and frameworks or using existing libraries to speed up the introduction.

Doctoral Training Partnerships: a range of postgraduate training is funded by the Research Councils. For information on current funding routes, see the common terminology at https://www.ukri.org/apply-for-funding/how-we-fund-studentships/. Training grants may be to one organisation or to a consortia of research organisations. This portal will show the lead organisation only.

Ivermectin (and similar) (hereafter "avermectins") are veterinary antiparasitic medications that were historically considered safe. However, more recent research indicates that avermectins may have adverse effects on a range of invertebrates, including coleopterans, annelids, crustaceans, and dipterans[1,5,7]. While avermectins generally decompose on short time scales within compost[8], they are found to persist in both animal tissue[4] and manure[7] long enough to affect invertebrates. Currently, avermectins are used to treat livestock; historically, they were used to treat aquacultured salmon though this is now much less common (T. Telfer, pers. commun.). Avermectin contamination sources would be manure and tissue composition by livestock and transport may occur differentially based on factors such as precipitation and biotic transport of dead matter. Avermectins decompose quickly in compost[8], so high variation across contamination sites stemming from recency of treatment, severity and type of contamination, and ecological factors such as temperature and wetness may arise. Investigating the effects of avermectins may allow for a re-evaluation of its safety and the conditions of its use. Furthermore, the capacity for avermectin pollution to have different effects on certain organisms or different waterbody types may influence management and conservation decisions and allow for monitoring in high-risk areas, which may prevent unexpected contamination-related die-off from interfering with species conservation. This research may also lay the groundwork for mitigation of avermectin-derived effects, should its use be continued.