In a fairly short time, virtual globes have become a key medium for the visualization of global change, promoted by scientific, political and NGO interests alike. Taking this as a starting point, SPHEROGRAPHIA proposes to reflect on the unequal geo-digitization of the world in terms of spatial justice through a two-pronged study: First, concerning the creation of such globes, to unravel the socio-technical processes that participate in the cartographic story relating to the Anthropocene and to reveal the disparity of their data; and secondly, concerning the effects of such devices, in order to decipher their performativity on both the imaginary and the political commitments of those who promote or feed them. The aim is to question these global environmental images in order to shed light on their uncertainties and the 'blank spaces' that they manipulate explicitly or implicitly. The ambition is also to study how, in the era of post-sovereign cartography, transnational coalitions are taking place in an attempt to make specific regions visible on these globes. The example of the Guiana Shield will serve as a case study. The scientific challenges are methodological (designing a method and a tool for visualizing data deserts), theoretical (integrating the informational dimension into work on spatial and environmental justice) and epistemological (rethinking critical approaches to cartography). The originality of the project is to use a subject that has not yet been fully articulated (virtual globes) in order to address the issue of informational equity of territories by combining a multi-scalar approach (spatial analysis, discourse analysis, geo-visualization, participatory observation, art/science creation) associating geography and geomatics, but also history, semiotics, and both the plastic and digital arts.

The project SHAIR aims to define the drilling of the future, and its place in the technical and social organization of the company. It is particularly positioned in the aeronautics sector. Indeed, on the production and assembly lines, this operation takes an important place since it intervenes on parts with very high added value. Its control is therefore a major economic stake. Added to this issue is the fact that fastener housing holes are prime sites for fatigue crack initiation, therefore quality control (in terms of surface integrity and material integrity) is a really strong requirement. In this context, we wish, through our project, to design the Smart drilling - drilling of the future: first, a pair of digital twins “process” and “machine” will be developed, to predict and guarantee in real-time the quality of drilled holes and to monitor the machine fleet. It will be linked to the "real" process through multi-sensor instrumentation which will provide information in quantity, which will have to be sorted and processed in order to produce relevant indicators (KPIs) to help decision-making. In parallel with these scientific and technical developments, we will study how the deployment of the technology of the future for drilling impacts the social organization of the company via the resulting re-composition of professions. Indeed, we know that these technologies can be badly accepted by the actors of the production, in particular the operators. We will therefore seek to define different integration scenarios for this technology (operator more or less involved and empowered, decision-making at different levels - operator, supervisor, production manager) in order to study the social impact. The objective is then to define overall performance criteria (technico-social) allowing the optimal deployment of technology in the company.