Le projet REMPARE a pour objectif d'apporter des réponses opérationnelles pour la conception de merlons de protection contre les impacts localisés. Il vise tout particulièrement l'amélioration des méthodes de conception des ouvrages de défense passive vis-à-vis des chutes de blocs, d'énergie faible à moyenne, en intégrant la valorisation de résidus anthropiques recyclés de type pneumatiques usagés dans un concept innovant dissipatif d'énergie. Les approches traditionnelles de dimensionnement sont fondées sur des méthodes pseudo-statiques conservatrices. Elles ne permettent pas de répondre aux développements technologiques intégrant un noyau dissipateur qui minimise l'emprise des ouvrages par leur Re-ingénierie. En cas d'événement avéré, le comportement de l'ouvrage peut être réevalué et la modularité de sa conception intègre la réparabilité facilitée des tronçons endommagés de manière irréversible. La stratégie du projet repose sur une approche scientifique et pragmatique à trois niveaux basée sur la conception et la réalisation de modélisations pointues, la validation/calage par l'approche expérimentale et le transfert technolgique vers l'Ingénierie opérationnelle. Une approche multi-échelle du matériau dans l'ouvrage est retenue : pour les modélisations et les expérimentations réalisées en laboratoire et sur site réel instrumenté._x000D_ Les objectifs visés permettront :_x000D_ - de développer des modèles numériques évolués de merlons cellulaires sous impacts_x000D_ - d'optimiser la conception, le dimensionnement, l'emprise au sol et la réparabilité des merlons_x000D_ - de démontrer l'intérêt technique et économique de la valorisation de matériau recyclé_x000D_ - d'améliorer les méthodes d'ingénierie de dimensionnement de merlons_x000D_ - de valider l'impact environnemental en scenario

Structures covering roadway and railway infrastructures in urban environments (that we will name “covers”) respond to multiple objectives and stakes: environmental and social (reducing noise and environmental pollution, restoring urban flow, offering an opportunity for urban renovation), legal and contractual (superimposition of property rights and different statuses, territorial borders issues), financial (high costs, creation of property rights and value), public safety and comfort. As such, these structures play a crucial role in urban planning processes and are conceived to last (“long living town”). Further, they are also essential contributors to the sustainability of cities (“sustainable town”) and this, in its three different meanings: energetic, economic and societal. Our intention in the following report is to offer a methodology, along with tools for planning and putting into practicea concept which, despite its complexity, is still yet neither the subject of a “doctrine” nor of specific rules. This lack of a global vision, a systemic approach, and planning and design tools restrains without any doubt an optimal use of this concept for urban renewal. Our project is positioned within a broad and diverse group of discussions and research in this area, carried out by consortium partners and other entities: we can here mention studies led by the City of Paris in the framework of its GPRU (Great Urban Renewal Project) and for the design and construction of Boulevard Périphérique (Ring Road) covers, as well as APUR’s research, the PREDIT program, the ANR projects GERMA and RESILIS, and the TRACI project. We have gathered around this project academics (Paris Est University, EIVP and Tecomah) as well as the City of Paris, IREX which represents contractors, and consulting engineers: Arcadis and Egis. These partners cooperate regularly, within the framework of research programs or projects. These are strongly involved within the “Advancity pole” and the “IEED Ville Durable” proposal. Our program’s primary goal is a multidisciplinary characterization of covers, through the setting up of an urban, legal, organizational and technical analytic grid, and its use through existing projects. The results of this first phase will serve as the starting point for establishing methodology and evaluation tools, for the use of owners and consulting engineers, who currently do not hold such tools. This second goal shall apply to the projects themselves and their role played in the nearby urban environment, as well as to the expressed interests of political and economical actors, and by the public itself. At this stage, we will also aim to identify and analyze the relevant legal issues, and the tools that may be used by the owner to plan, design and operate such equipments. The third scientific goal, proposed within a multidisciplinary and systemic approach, is the creation of a decision tool under the form of a “meta-referential”. This will aim at a complexthe optimization in terms of the advantages ofsustainable development. The transfer towards design and construction engineering is CANOPEE’s fourth scientific and technical goal. In line with the first three axes of research, it aims at putting forward , innovative methods of design and construction of covers, in view of their exploitation. The proceedings of this research will provide the actors of these projects with evaluation and decision-making tools, as well as recommendations to optimize their planning, design, construction and operation processes. The number and size of the concerned projects and the high stakes they represent for cities’ sustainability, are the founding bases of this research project.