The student will work on the Science Museum's early modern printed books relating to mathematics and the mathematical sciences (astronomy, mechanics, navigation, surveying, etc.), studying annotations, bindings and other indications of ownership and use that can illuminate the market for such publications in the era in which they were produced. The student will also study the subsequent history of these volumes and the routes by which they entered the Museum's collections.

Background: Tata Steel UK is one of the largest producers of pre-painted steel in Europe and produces top range products which are specified throughout Europe, primarily for use in the construction industry. To maintain this position, the organisation is constantly trying to improve the current product range, either through the development of best-in-class coatings for the construction industry, improved offerings in service or through added functionality. Tata's premium coated products can offer maintenance free warranties of up to 40 years and this technology is based on decades of experience formulating paints sourced from fossil fuels as their feedstock. With ever increasing focus on sustainability credentials and the circular economy, Tata Steel UK have a clear carbon reduction strategy. Part of this strategy requires developing the same market leading performance products but without solvents which will help reduce the carbon footprint of Tata Steel. Each year, the manufacturing site produces in excess of 300,000 tonnes of pre-finished steel product using several different polymer systems. This research project will help shape the sustainability future of the UK business by fundamentally changing the polymers to produce sustainable market leading products supplied to customers. The project aims of the research will be to: - Work in conjunction with the key paint supplier to the company to fully understand the current paint formulation. - Use gained knowledge of suppliers who can offer synthetic alternatives of the key ingredients and formulate paints based on these alternatives to remove the need for fossil-based solvents. - Analyse materials via external and accelerated testing. - Use analytical techniques such as UV, ATR FTIR and Raman spectroscopy to determine the mechanism and rates of organic coating degradation and erosion. - Work in conjunction with other researchers in the group to develop the technology and demonstrate its potential via the use of a pilot production line.

The collaborative project will conceptualise and test a novel technological intervention for those who selfinjure. A consideration is the sensitivity of the topic and the vulnerabilities of the population. However, the partner organisation Dechrau Newydd has extensive experience in providing evidence-based interventions to individuals who engage in high levels of self-harm. Dechrau Newydd will convene and oversee interviews with service users to ensure the emotional safety of Danielle and the service users who already receive one - to -one support from the team at Dechrau Newydd. As mentioned above, Danielle already has experience with this population and is sensitive to their needs. Swansea University Health and wellbeing as well as the supervisory team will maintain transparent communication with Danielle about these issues to ensure her wellbeing is maintained. The project will not commence without prior NREC approval. Prof. Jason Davies (second supervisor) is a Consultant Clinical Psychologist who regularly treats those who have engaged in selfharm.

Currently producing biofuel from microalgae is commercially prohibited. This is partly due to the high economic costs associated with the nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients required to sustain photosynthetic production. These inorganic nutrients can be found in abundance in industrial wastewater. There are also issues with the requirement of water for cultivating microalgae. Marine microalgae need to be situated near to the coast for utilisation of seawater and freshwater microalgae systems are dependent on large and continuous freshwater supplies, diverting supply away from arable farming etc. Therefore, producing biofuel from microalgae cultivated onwastewater has clear environmental and economic advantages. In any large scale microalgal cultivation system, and particularly when using wastewater, a consortia will be present consisting of a single or several species of algae together with a complement of inherent bacteria; these associated bacteria have been shown to boost lipid production. There are many challenges associated with understanding such a complex and dynamic system. For example, interactions in the system will include metabolic changes occurring both within individual species and between the species. Ultimately the quantity and quality of the biomass suitable for biofuel will be related directly with the growth and the composition of the consortia which will dependent on interactions within it. Currently we have a poor understanding on the composition, development, function and interactions occurring with microalgae consortia. This project will bring the three centres to develop new understanding on developing microalga-bacterial consortia cultivated on industrial water to produce biomass for biofuel. Bharathidasan University (BDU) has expertise on molecular techniques and cultivation of microalgae for bioenergy products. Phycospectrum Environmental Research Centre (PERC) has expertise on robust algal consortia and working with industry on wastewater treatment. Plymouth Marine Laboratory (PML) has expertise on the biology and chemistry to understand microbial community structure and on microbial dynamics. BDU and PERC will focus on optimising strains under industrially relevant conditions and results will be brought together with those from PML who will focus on understanding the microbial dynamics in controlled synthetic wastewater experiments. The project will undertake community composition analysis to obtain understanding on how microalgal consortia change and function at both the cellular and molecular level. We will test the effect that both bacteria and addtional organic carbon have on influencing the growth and composition of the algal biomass as a biofuel feedstock. We will assess both the lipid and carbohydrate content of the algae for potential in biodiesel and bioethanol respectively. Put simplistically we will measure 'who is there? (community/taxonomic analysis), 'how do they compare? (comparative analysis)' and 'what are they doing? (functional analysis)' under the different conditions to optimise the amount and type of biomass suitable for conversion into biofuel. To do this we will use the novel and powerful combination of flow cytometry tools to separate both algal and bacterial populations and genomic tools to characterise the communities. Whilst these tools have recently been applied to study marine microbial ecosystems, they have not been applied to any great extent to understanding wastewater microalgal-bacterial consortia. Knowledge gained will lead to potential to optimise consortia to improve growth rates and the amounts of lipids and/or carbohydrates. This could be achieved through controlling or adding bacteria, the addition of a waste carbon source, or through manipulation of metabolic pathways. The research will contribute to creating solutions to producing biofuel from microalgae grown on wastewater with consideration to both the environment and the economy.

Young people who have experienced homelessness (YPEH) report poorer social, psychological and physical health compared with the general population (Edidin et al., 2012). However, less than one-third of YPEH access support through available services (Hodgson et al., 2014). Limited availability, lack of awareness, and fear of stigmatisation may all contribute to these health inequalities. This suggests that new strategies are needed to encourage YPEH to engage with appropriate support provisions. My PhD research explored whether physical activity (PA) could encourage YPEH to engage with psychological therapy, and compared effects of PA-based interventions which were delivered either with or without additional therapy (Dialectical Behavioural Therapy Skills Training, Linehan, 2015). Preliminary findings suggested that PA may encourage YPEH to attend group psychotherapy, yet further research is needed to support this. Findings also indicated that PA alone may be effective for improving the wellbeing of YPEH without additional psychotherapy, mainly through providing an opportunity to learn and connect with similar young people. Overall, this research offered several important contributions to the field including identification of effective techniques for supporting wellbeing and behaviour change of YPEH, and identification of barriers and enablers when providing opportunities for this population. It is important that these findings reach and benefit those working directly with YPEH and similar groups (e.g. care leavers). This fellowship will enable me to translate this research to practice through organising events and developing a toolkit of resources which can be used by support providers. Beyond this, it will allow me the opportunity to publish two journal articles: one explaining how specific techniques can support wellbeing and positive behaviours when delivering activities with care-experienced young people; and one which provides guidelines for how to optimise reach and engagement of this population in research and practice settings. I would also present this research at UK-based and International conferences to maximise impact across a broad range if audiences, My long-term goal is to build on the research undertaken during the PhD through leading a large-scale research project in partnership with public sector services. To achieve this, I will meet and build relationships with such services to describe my research, identifying suitable grant opportunities, and explore the potential for developing a joint funding proposal. This work would involve all potential stakeholders (practitioners, senior leadership, and the young people themselves) to ensure any planned research follows a collaborative approach at all times.