What is the impact of the ‘agency of data’ – defined as the social practices of data collection and analysis in quantitative conflict studies – on practitioners’ perceptions and interpretations of armed conflict? DATAWAR is the first collaborative project to address this research question using a holistic, mixed-methods approach - combining Sciences Po’s expertise in the sociological analysis of International Relations, Ecole polytechnique’s expertise in the use of quantitative approaches to understand social phenomena, and Sciences Po Lille’s expertise in bridging the worlds of academic research, journalism, NGOs, and military officials. Practitioners involved in the coverage, analysis, and management of armed conflict rely more and more on the scientific output from quantitative scholars of conflict to analyse and predict change in contemporary conflict. Furthermore, NGOs and international organizations integrate findings from quantitative scholarship to develop indicators for conflict warning systems. However, there has been few little systematic research regarding the underlying scientific practices of the collection, coding, mathematical analysis and publication of quantitative conflict data – and even less scholarship on the quantitative and qualitative impact of these practices on practitioners’ interpretations of armed conflict and resulting normative conclusions. We argue that these practices tend to exclude dynamics that are more difficult to measure quantitatively, and thus do not reflect the theoretical evolution in the study of conflict of the recent years. Thus, quantitative studies of armed conflict may lead to biased perceptions of war, and perhaps even contribute to linear, deterministic assumptions about the causes of violence among practitioners. To address this lack of research, DATAWAR will analyse the full ‘lifecycle’ of quantitative data on armed conflict. Using a combination of interviews and corpus-based qualitative content analysis, the project will investigate practices of data collection, coding, scholarly analysis, and the discursive transformation of scientific output by government and military officials, NGOs, and journalists. The project will be structured into three main work packages: WP1 (led by Thomas Lindemann) will focus on the ‘production’ of knowledge based on quantitative conflict studies. Contents of the two most renowned scientific journals in quantitative conflict analysis will be sampled and analysed. This analysis will inform interviews with database managers and authors of the most influential research articles to find out about ‘hidden’, informal practices in scientific production. WP2 (led by Frédéric Ramel) analysing the dissemination and reception of this academe knowledge in the media and among private and public actors. In a first step, a corpus of media content will be constructed in order to find out how results from quantitative conflict analysis are communicated in the media, and to what extent these results participate in the dissemination of specific analytical frames and normative agendas. These results will inform research interviews with practitioners (officials of government agencies and international organizations, NGO analysts, private risk advisors, journalists) to find about how they perceive and actively use output from quantitative conflict analysis, including established or new conflict databases. WP3 (led by Eric Sangar) will organize the links with practitioners by collecting their needs and inputs, and assuming responsibility for the entire dissemination process, focusing on the continuous involvement of practitioners throughout the project duration. Beyond ‘traditional’ academic output, this dissemination strategy includes the creation of a web-based interactive tool, the Conflict Database Compass, and a course offering guidance for a more aware use of conflict data by officials, journalists, and NGO staff.

In this research project, we intend to reassess fundamental questions in political theory by drawing on workers’ reflexive writings from the beginnings of capitalism to the current digital economy. Throughout history, in situations of induced reflexivity due to the transformations of capitalism and the broadening of the working-class, workers have written texts in which they reflect on their work experience, their attempts to associate and to claim rights. Together, these texts form an underground continent of workplace political theory. Due to the distinctive standpoint of workers, they can shed a new light on the concepts of exploitation, democracy and justice, and inform us about the social conditions of theoretical activity. To explore this intellectual history of capitalism from below, the research team will focus on four historical periods. For each period, we will investigate a both a French and an international case study.

Industrialcitizenshiprediscovered: the workrootings of politicalagency, past and present Is‘industrial citizenship’ an outdated concept? This project proposes to give a negative answer to this question by exploring how industrial citizenship has always changed, following the transformations of economic, social and political contexts, and by crossingviewpoints of political science, economy and sociology. The main objective of the project is to reopen a research agenda on industrial citizenship, detached from normative references to "democracy" or "pluralism".Indeed, if academics are often interested in corporate power and companies’ influence on policy makers or democratic politics, there is a lack of scientific knowledge concerning how they “produce” citizens and “frame” citizenship. Yet the current blurring of the boundaries between the spheres of political and economic activity requiresto rework the definition of rights as well as the boundaries of the community of citizens, without limiting ourselves to a purelylegal concept of citizenship. Our main working hypothesis is that ‘industrial citizenship’ is a disputed concept, which confronts opposed and ever-evolving discourses. Thus, we will study these various and competing definitions and practices of industrial citizenship. Our second working hypothesis is that ‘industrial citizenship’ is a fruitful concept to study how political behaviors are embedded in the workplace. The work experience and the work environment profoundly and durably shape the identities, representations and practices of social actors, even in their relationship to citizenship outside labor relations, and this hypothesis sheds light on the second objective of the project: to de-compartmentalize the study of industrial citizenship. Thus, industrial citizenship can be grasped at the level of a firm or an institution, as many historians and sociologists specialized in industrial relations have already done, but also at the level of a territory. We will study the way in which industrial citizenship is shaped both "from above", i.e. by the policies of the management of companies and state authorities, and "from below ", i.e. by the workers themselves and their representatives, and also by the actors (political, associative, and so on) of the territories in which these processes take place. First, using an approach inspired by political and intellectual history, we will investigate the discourse of employers, the state and workers about industrial citizenship in France. A second empirical study will be devoted to the practices of industrial citizenship. The use of public statistical data will allow us to establish an overview of industrial citizenship practices in contemporary France. Then with three qualitative monographs we will move from (objectified) practices to the (subjective) experiences of industrial citizenship. Finally, we willexplore industrial citizenship through a collective and multi-sited field survey in a large French company located abroad. It will involve studying the firm from the multiple disciplinary points of view (sociology, economics, political science), specializations (corporate management, public action, workers' participation and unionism) and locations (France and Tunisia) that allows our researchconsortium.

During the next Olympic Games in Paris 2024, France will face a major security challenge because of a series of sports events, relayed around the World, involving personalities and the public. The history of the Games and sports has unfortunately already left traces of painful events, which we have the responsibility not to allow to reproduce here. On the basis of a sociological study of these risks, and in order to answer this challenge, the GIRAFE project proposes to develop algorithmic crowd control solutions based on video streams covering all or part of the public areas. These algorithms will in particular be able to alert the authorities of areas where crowds can become of concern, to monitor the flow of crowds and to anticipate possible phenomena of congestion; but also to identify abnormal cases occurring within such crowds, such as suspicious strolling of an individual, a chase or the transport and abandonment of a baggage, and to track their perpetrators to a possible interpellation. The tools created by the project will be in the spirit of facilitating the intervention of law enforcement and optimizing the use of security personnel, whose resources are limited and critical for an event of this magnitude. The human operator will remain the sole decision-maker of the actions to be taken during a warning. The legal and societal aspects associated with these video treatments will be studied and taken into account, to ensure the respect of the French legal framework, the GDPR, and keep the festive spirit of the Games. The project's various innovative algorithms use complementary approaches to detect abnormal events and manage the movement of crowds, so as to ensure maximum detection of risk situations and to trace alerts as quickly as possible. The research of the project will be based on three main pillars: - the movements of crowds, to manage the flow and the abnormal behaviors within a very dense crowd (specific approach in very dense zone); - the detection of abnormal behaviors, of which the learning of scenes given in JOP 2024 will make it possible to identify cases out of the ordinary (generic approach); - detection of pedestrians and baggage, transverse to the two previous axes, since in addition to the case of abandoned parcels (specific approach in sparsely populated area) this axis will ensure the identification and monitoring of the suspect individual to his arrest by the police The algorithms resulting from these thematic axes will be integrated into a demonstrator that optimizes the real-time processing of these algorithms, ergonomic for the end users, and prioritizes the flow of video surveillance cameras classified at risk or as unusual. The demonstrator will also be connected to a "Command and Control" in order to present to the operator, in a clear and global way, the cases of crowd movements to manage. The whole will be tested under pre-operational conditions and will reach a sufficient level of maturity, TRL6, to allow its deployment and its evaluation on various Olympic sites or in various places of the city of Paris at the end of the project.

The POLAL project, which associates CSO, IRISSO, CMH, CERPAS and IDEES, questions the evolutions of contemporary public policies from the perspective of food policies. Starting from the results established by the literature of a specialization and complexification of public policies and a growing porosity between public and private interventions, the project will explore two sets of questions. Firstly, we propose to understand how public action, while specialized and complex, manages to take on crosscutting issues, objectives that are sometimes difficult to reconcile, that are part of different administrative jurisdictions and require cross-sectoral interventions. Secondly, we propose to account for the diversity of interfaces between public and private spaces, the specificities of both public and private interventions, how borders are reaffirmed and finally, what does this porosity produce on public policy. To address these two main issues, food policies that will be at the heart of the project, are of particular interest, because they are both cross-sectoral and strongly depend on private actors. The project is based on three hypotheses. First, we hypothesize that the public-private interfaces, such as national consultations, advisory councils or working groups within the public bureaucracies, but also exchanges during the control activities, contribute to the reconfiguration of the interests and challenges of public and private actors. We propose to invest these arenas as intermediate spaces of public action. Second, we make the hypothesis that the careful examination of the repertoires of action of the companies or their representatives gives access to the means by which the private actors seek to influence the public action, by trying to influence public interventions and by legitimizing their intervention on collective issues. Finally, we make the assumption that the organization, the construction and the structuring of a field of expertise around food behaviours constitute resources for both public and private actors. The project explores the role played by expertise in legitimizing forms of public or private intervention and prioritizing social issues associated with food (environment, public health, health security, social inequalities). The project will be organized around 5 workpackages that explore the reconfigurations of contemporary public action. WP1 concerns the coordination of the action taken by the consortium, and is based on semi-annual meetings and the holding of an international final conference. WP2 will aim to capture the variety of the repertoire of private action, their specificities and their effects on public action, based on five surveys: on a controversy, on the action of employers, on insurance prevention actions and on expertise. WP3 questions, at the national and European level, the influence, orientation or constraint of public authorities on food supply actors, mainly producers and consumers. The investigations concern control, consultation and regulation. WP4 questions public action based on the specificities of the food chains: those of sugar and pork and that of fruits and vegetables. WP5 aims at capitalizing on the crosscutting scientific outputs of the project: on the role of professional organizations and that of expertise in public and private decisions.