Energy is important in supporting economic development. For the rapidly growing economy of Indonesia, a reliable and sustainable energy supply is crucial. This is in line with Indonesian energy policy which requires 25% of electricity to be obtained from new renewable energy sources by the year 2025. Bali, Indonesia’s gateway for tourism, and Kalimantan, the proposed location of Indonesia’s new capital, need a clean and reliable energy supply. The objective of this project is to develop a strategic energy implementation plan for Bali and Kalimantan which ensures regional economic growth for both regions and minimizes carbon dioxide emissions. The research is organised in 9 work packages most of which are executed in cooperation between Indonesian and Netherlands’ partners. Key elements are: 1) mapping of renewable energy resources in this region. The focus will be on the development of small hydropower and sustainable bio-energy resources, combined with land restoration. Also, other renewable energy resources, including wind, solar and ocean energy will be considered. 2) design of energy systems for this region with increasing shares of renewable resources. The entire energy system, including energy demand development, demand side management, conversion, transportation, storage and production will be included. Special focus is on the development of reliable energy supply chains and power systems. 3) strategy and policy development in co-creation with all the relevant stakeholders. Part of this is a policy impact analysis and an extended stakeholder engagement process. The implementation plan and pathway will reduce CO2 emissions and ensure regional economic development and resource trading beneficial to both regions.

Studies that specifically address the contribution of urban kampongs to the city economy are scarce of it is yet unclear how can and should strategies formulated at the local government level integrate and collaborate with co-existing informal economies. Therefore, our research aims to analyze the relationship between the informal economies of kampongs and formal creative industries strategies, and how these impact the spatial, social and economic development of kampongs. The study will identify: the commodification of informal industries and their contribution to local economy, social and economic opportunities for Small Medium Enterprises, and the mutual relationship between the informal economy and land use patterns. The study also addresses the issue of justice for vulnerable communities, by analyzing the relationship between government-led strategies and changes to socio-economic characteristics, land, and tenure security in urban kampongs. The interdisciplinary research combines qualitative and quantitative approaches, including socio-economic, policy, and spatial methods of analysis.