Climate change is one of several drivers of recurrent outbreaks and geographical range expansion of zoonotic infectious diseases in Europe. Policy and decision-makers need tailored monitoring of climate-induced disease risk, and decision-support tools for timely early warning and impact assessment for proactive preparedness and timely responses. The abundance of open data in Europe allows the establishment of more effective, accessible, and cost-beneficial prevention and control responses. IDAlert will co-create novel policy-relevant pan-European indicators that track past, present, and future climate-induced disease risk across hazard, exposure, and vulnerability domains at the animal, human and environment interface. Indicators will be sub-national, and disaggregated through an inequality lens. We will generate tools to assess cost-benefit of climate change adaptation and mitigation measures across sectors and scales, to reveal novel policy entry points and opportunities. Surveillance, early warning and response systems will be co-created and prototyped to increase health system resilience at regional and local levels, and explicitly reduce socio-economic inequality. Indicators and tools will be co-produced through multilevel engagement, innovative methodologies, existing and new data streams and citizen science, taking advantage of intelligence generated from selected hotspots in Spain, Greece, The Netherlands, Sweden, and Bangladesh that are experiencing rapid urban transformation and heterogeneous climate-induced disease threats. For implementation, IDAlert has assembled European authorities in climate modelling, infectious disease epidemiology, social sciences, environmental economics, One Health and EcoHealth. Further, by engaging critical stakeholders from the start, IDAlert will ensure long-lasting impacts on EU climate policy, and provide new evidence and tools for the European Green Deal to strengthen population health resilience to climate change.

BIOGENTS is a world leader in the development and production of surveillance Traps for Mosquitoes, a key supplier for public and private organizations. BIOGENTS, together with IRIDEON, a specialist in IoT sensor applications, and TEIC, a specialist in bioacoustic species recognition, want to address the problem of disease-carrying mosquitoes that invade Europe due to climate change. Our goal is to prevent the loss of billions of Euros, the infection of millions of citizens and most importantly, the deaths of thousands registered every year worldwide. BIOGENTS and its competitors have a conservative business model: continuously develop increasingly efficient trapping methods, for the best price. However, the customers’ real need is to get reliable information about mosquito populations in a given area, and thus have to periodically inspect traps manually. This is where the real costs are; therefore the next disruptive leap lies in making the traps smart. REMOSIS t will attract insects with great efficiency, and perform stand-alone field monitoring, by automatically counting insects, identifying species, and transmitting the data wirelessly. This reduces inspection costs by 80% improving surveillance programmes, which will prevent unnoticed disease outbreaks, and will save lives. With the new electronic trap, we will be the first in the world to combine human mimicking with automatic pest information in their value proposition. This allows a whole new population of consumers to establish surveillance programmes that were only accessible to those with significant resources. BIOGENTS and IRIDEON will produce the solution, and use their own customer and distributor networks as initial commercial routes, which already cover Europe, USA, Australia, Latin America, Africa and Middle East.

In the face of climate change, events like COVID-19 crisis with high impact in specific sectors demonstrated the importance of resilient societies. As such, it is vital to act with a level of urgency for climate change related impacts to health sector that are proportionate to the scale of the threat, be prepared and informed on the basis of the best-available science, and practise clear and consistent communications to all those involved. Therefore, in MOUNTADAPT, various regional and local authorities and community members will take the leadership to co-design, co-develop and test eleven state of the art climate adaptation solutions across the mountains biogeographical region, in Austria, Slovenia, France and Romania. A diversity of actors of the health system will also collaborate throughout the project to demonstrate the replicability of the solutions in a diversity of settings: within the Alpine mountains in Romania, outside Europe in the Pyrenees in Andora and beyond, in the continental area in Germany. MOUNTADAPT will develop robust models to better understand the impact of climate change on health (PR1). The project will cover the whole chain of response to a climate induced health emergency with monitoring tools (PR2) that will be directly linked to short term forecasts to communicate warnings (PR3) to the relevant stakeholders. An emergency management tool (PR4) will finally support health systems to optimally organise staff in crisis time. This will be supported by guidance for transforming the health system (PR5) and empowered actors with the training courses for healthcare professionals and awareness raising campaigns for citizens (PR6). Detailed monitoring protocols and impact assessment frameworks (PR7) will allow for a continuous evaluation of a range of adaptation solutions during and after the project, providing incentive for their implementation. Finally, MOUNTADAPT will provide a full guide (PR8) for the implementation of its adaptation solutions, boosting their replication in new territories and will provide feedback to the Health Emergency Preparedness and Response Authority.

Mosquito-borne diseases place a heavy burden on society, causing widespread suffering and driving poverty. They are increasing in prevalence, geographical distribution and severity, representing a growing threat worldwide. Hence, there is a need for better disease intelligence, capable of anticipating and identifying eco-epidemiological risks leading to explosive epidemics and emergence in previously unaffected areas. The basis of such intelligence stems from a deep understanding of the factors that drive disease circulation, emergence and spread. This requires insights into the complex interplay between humans, pathogen-carrying mosquitoes, pathogen reservoirs (e.g. birds), and a changing environment. The E4Warning consortium brings together interdisciplinary, innovative, and open science to contribute to the One Health paradigm shift that is required to tackle the spread and transmission of zoonotic deadly pathogens, and harness this shift to nowcast and forecast mosquito-borne disease risk in a constantly changing and globally connected environment. Our work aims to disrupt disease transmission pathways connecting humans, mosquitoes, and birds through innovative eco-epidemiological modelling tools and intelligent digital solutions, co-designed and implemented by public health administrations. Open innovation strategies and big data tools are the cornerstone of the next-level One Health Early Warning Systems required in the face of mounting mosquito-borne disease threats.

The Internet of Things (IoT) is based on networks of low-cost sensors and actuators for data collection, monitoring, decision making, and process optimization. Mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets, now represent a significant portion of the IoT, and there is a strong push to enable these devices to interface with a range of external sensors, to address e-health, fitness, environment, agriculture, logistics, and other applications. Many companies want to develop IoT products using smartphones with external sensors. However, many of these companies lack the necessary financial and human resources for this level of IoT development using existing methods. To address this need, IRIDEON S.L. has developed Senscape®: a disruptive, standards-based, framework which enables customers to develop fast time-to-market sensor-based mobile applications and related information services for e-health and fitness, and other applications. We will commercialise Senscape® via: licences and direct sales of hardware and software through the Senscape® on-line marketplace.