SCIPPER will implement available and innovative techniques for monitoring the compliance of individual ships to existing sulphur and future NOx and PM air pollution regulations. Using five field measurement campaigns, one mirror campaign in Hong Kong and long-term monitoring data SCIPPER will assess the suitability, operational capacity, and cost-effectiveness of various monitoring methods. The techniques identified include on-board, on-shore in situ and optical remote, airborne, and satellite systems: assessment will be demonstrated in ports (Gothenburg, Hamburg or Rotterdam and Marseille) and in the shipping lanes of the North and Baltic Seas, English Channel and Mediterranean. Where available this will be carried out in parallel to established official monitoring methodologies. Bilateral knowledge exchange to ports in Asia, Australia and the US will be enabled through the consortium’s extensive network of contacts, thereby advancing the global impact of EU initiatives. New innovations to be tested by SCIPPER include: on-board and airborne sensors to measure black carbon and ultrafine particles; a new ultra-sensitive ‘sniffer’ SO2 method and; the potential use of satellite observations for monitoring individual vessel NOx and SO2 emissions. Measurements will also be used to develop relevant emission factors, required by emissions inventories and Air Quality (AQ) simulation models. AQ models will be enhanced to simulate secondary aerosol formation as the emission plume ages in the atmosphere. Using these advanced simulation tools, SCIPPER will quantify the environmental and health impacts of varying degrees of regulatory compliance for selected test cases. The overall objective of SCIPPER is to provide authorities with: (i) fundamental technical information in developing their enforcement approaches and (ii) modelling tools and monitoring techniques in order to quantify the environmental benefits of successful enforcement.

The IRIS project supports the Lighthouse cities of Utrecht (NL), Göteborg (SE) and Nice Côte d’Azur (FR) and their Follower cities Vaasa (FI), Alexandroupolis (GR), Santa Cruz de Tenerife (ES), and Focsani (RO) to address their urgent need to deliver energy and mobility services in their cities that are cheaper, better accessible, reliable, and that contribute to a better and more sustainable urban quality of life. By demonstrating smart solutions that integrate energy, mobility and ict, rooted in a City Innovation Platform, IRIS quantifies their value, and connects interests of many different stakeholders in innovative business models, allowing for upscale and replication of integrated solutions for sustainable cities across Europe and world-wide. To achieve this, IRIS works along five Transition Tracks based on common challenges, encompassing 16 integrated solutions that cities can mix and match according to their characteristics and district specific needs. Track 1, 2 and 3 enhance energy efficiency and utilize grid flexibility by balancing supply and demand dynamically and by 2nd life battery and V2G storage, to allow increase of renewable energy production and roll-out of e-cars and e-buses. Track 4 supports this by data sharing, a common architecture, use of standards, and governance practices accelerating innovation, standardisation and implementation of affordable smart applications. Track 5 integrates interdisciplinary citizen engagement and co-creation in Tracks 1 to 4, connecting the needs of end-users with those of other stakeholders, in further support of innovative business models. The expected impacts of IRIS are an open innovation ecosystem motivating citizens to act as prosumers; more effective urban planning and governance of integrated solutions; exploitation of validated innovative business models based on multi-stakeholder collaboration; more stable, secure and affordable energy and mobility services for citizens, with improved air quality.