Since 2008, the twelve railway companies’ members of the “European Charter for development of social initiatives in stations” have shared concerns regarding persons living in highly precarious circumstances in the stations. Indeed, the presence of such a public is challenging the usual practices of railway agents in stations (service agents, security agents, maintenance agents, cleaning agents etc.).Several issues are common. Firstly, the agents working in station feel, more often than not, helpless when dealing with homeless persons. They express an urgent need of information on homeless people’s situation and training regarding the existing social intervention schemes and techniques. Secondly, the programmes already implemented in the railway companies have not been made durables or capitalised. Co-construction is at the heart of the “TRAIN in Stations” project. Its goal is to create and implement a common training programme, on the basis of what already exists and on the development of truly innovative modules, built from a common reflection shared by all the actors intervening in stations.The project aims at preparing the first European class on social intervention in stations, and to implement and evaluate a first training session in each company.Seven entities from five European countries are members of this project. Five railway companies, Bulgaria (National Railway Infrastructure Company), France (Société Nationale des Chemin de fer Français), Italy (Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane) and Luxemburg (Société nationale des chemins de fer luxembourgeois) and two NGOs : the Italian social cooperative Europe Consluting Onlus and the French non-governmental organisation Agence Nouvelle des Solidarités Actives. Each of these entities has a strong expertise regarding training and experiences of everyday social assistance and management.The project “TRAIN in Stations” lays on several transnational and regular meetings. In a concern for good governance, several collective workshops will be organised every five months in the cities involved in the project (Luxemburg, Paris, Rome and Sofia). The objectives of the meetings are:- Sharing knowledge and goof practices among national trainers (site-seeing)- Co-constructing the training programme- Planning a steering committee meeting, with one member representativeThese five European meetings will address different issues of the training session in order to build together with the trainers and the managers the common training program, and with the help of experts on social issues in stations. These meetings will be built on a clear co-constructive stance. In that regard, the national and sectorial diversity will allow a truly comprehensive reflection regarding the current practices. It will constitute a great richness for the constitution of a common project, based on points of view and experiences sharing.In order to achieve this methodological aim, different methods are to be used: focus-groups with homeless persons, active sites-seeing (exchanges with local social actors), capitalising and reflecting periods and construction time around concrete supports (such as e-learning or trainers’guide).The emphasis on practices’ capitalisation and needs’ analysis will allow the development of truly innovative methods and tools, adapted to the different European settings. The use of e-learning methods will facilitate this process.For each company, training programmes will be implemented which should make professional practices change. On an European level, the “TRAIN in Stations” project should steer and innovative dynamics between European companies, especially the ones signatory of the Charter.In the long run, the “TRAIN in Stations” project hopes to disseminate good practices regarding training programmes on the European territory and create a positive dynamics vis à vis social care for homeless persons.

The RESIIST project proposes a methodology and tools for (a) data collection, (b) modelling, (c) decision support (d) simulation and visualization (e) help with the implementation of decisions to evaluate in time the resilience of critical infrastructures in order to define the possible strategies and to carry out analyses on original criteria. In order to supply goods and services to populations, various socio-technical changes allow us to draw the following conclusions: Statement 1: stakeholders’ needs evolve and tend to make these infrastructures more complex to manage and understand. They are pushed into their operating limits and suddenly become critical. Statement 2: Whatever is the type of these infrastructures (production system or territory), they are increasingly connected and interconnected which further contributes to their complexity. Statement 3: Various and numerous disruptive events can affect the proper functioning of these infrastructures are. Instability of such infrastructures becomes then the norm. This instability is exacerbated by influences and interactions between infrastructures and the territories on which they operate. Statement 4: The loss rate related to the occurrence of disturbances then impacts several dimensions (human, economic, ecological, technical ...) These statements highlight the role, relevance and importance of the resilience of these critical infrastructures for companies, communities and managers involved and concerned with managing the consequences of disturbances. This clearly demonstrates the need for a continuous resilience assessment approach. This is indeed requested to feed decision-making tools enabling these stakeholders to effectively manage their infrastructures and to limit the consequences of disturbances with regard to the different dimensions mentioned above. The RESIIST project makes the assumption that a certain number of heterogeneous data are relevant, available and then must be exploitable. It proposes in response to the previous observations: •A critical infrastructure modelling and resilience assessment approach based on six activities: (i) continuous collection of data issued from various sources, (ii) processing and analysis of these data to derive relevant information on multiple dimensions (human, social, financial, technical), (iii) development of a model of critical infrastructure that is as faithful as possible, under the form of a Digital Twin of the critical infrastructure, making it possible to structure, organize and facilitate access to data, information and knowledge, (iv) evaluation of resilience, (v) behavioural simulation of the model and visualization of results, (vi) decision-making and assistance to implementation of decisions; •The definition and use of resilience indicators for multi criteria decision support; •The development of tools supporting the modeling, evaluation and simulation process; •Smart visualization according to the need expressed by the stakeholders. RESIIST proposes then to manage, share and use heterogeneous and numerous data and models to assess the resilience of a critical infrastructure considering diverse analysis dimensions. As a result, resilience will be more fully estimated, and decision makers will be supported by using RESIIST deliverables to make the most relevant decisions based on multiple perspectives and criteria. On the scientific level, RESIIST is based on the problems concerning research, definition, formalization and validation of: •New indicators based on the available data and corresponding to Economic, Technical, Environmental, Regulatory, Social, or Human dimensions; •Procedures for interpreting and exploiting these indicators; •Potential occurrences of disturbances (causes and effects) modelling and analysis •Models of representation of critical infrastructures integrating these indicators to assess resilience; •Decision-making process support and follow-up of the implementation of the decisions.

For the five main identified risk domains, the SPID project aims at leading a technical-operational threat analysis, taking into account each sensitive site typology, each potential site to protect, various detection and neutralizations possible scenarios and finally analyze vulnerability of the proposed system. The project includes producing a demonstration system operating multiple types of sensors, with innovating sensors: acoustics, optronics, radio-goniometry. Sensors are fitted with built-in processing capability, connected in a network, they will broadcast data towards a central server designed to manage and store all communication data. The server will be able to assure data processing and fusion, to display toward the operator via MMI, real-time vision of the situation and access to all evidence data. A link will allow to forward all these data towards a command and control system, fixed or mobile governmental type or, towards a control room of the site to protect. The system allows surveillance and detection, target recognition and classification, and if possible, identification, geolocalization and tracking in order to neutralize the threat. The system will be operated and evaluated on capacitive and operational criteria according threat scenarios defined during the operational analysis, with real UAVs flights of fixed or rotary wings types. During these tests, operational capacity provided by radars will be also tested and a flight campaign will be arranged in order to invite industry to test their solutions in optronics, radar and other technologies. These tests will be defined in collaboration with a panel of users representing authorities involved in fighting against these threats as well as operators of industrial sensitive sites or vast sites receiving public (entertainment), in order to cover all kinds of situations. For the neutralization aspect, a state of the art study on technical and operational will be conducted for all possible solutions, with advantages and drawbacks of each solution. Radio-goniometry will be included in the tests to check its contribution in terms of neutralization of standard UAVs. Juridical and regulation aspects including sanitary, respect of individual liberty and private life, sociological and organizational aspects towards public community will be addressed by a study. SPID project will thus allow to define a first approach of an operational system providing all weather detection capability. Neutralization capability of non standard UAVs will be addressed later exploiting the best solutions deriving from the state of the art study. The goal consists in marketing an efficient alert system for an affordable price for the authorities and operators of numerous sensitive sites present in France, in a first step, and quickly after to market it internationally. This project represents for the SMEs members of SPID, as a platform to support their innovation to expand on new markets thanks to their excellent operational knowledge provided with the relation with the users who will validate the proposed solutions. The market study and the business strategy including scientific communication tools but also events dedicated to security professionals will allow to maximize the economic impact for the SMEs and obtain a direct benefit for employment increase. SPID members benefit already from a recognized knowledge and significant experience in security domain, the wide panel of end-users representing recognized units and SPID team demonstrate high technical value and a perfect match between partners.