Many diverse phenomena in the Sun's outer atmospheric layers depend on the dynamic interaction between plasma and topologically complex magnetic fields. This research proposal presents a major three-year assault on what have been termed the fundamental building blocks of this environment - namely plasma loops. These magnetic arches are observed over a wide temperature range (10,000K to millions of degrees), over a range of spatial scales (from our current instrumental resolution of a few arcsecs to sometimes stretching over a substantial portion of the solar disc and appear to exhibit dynamic behaviour down to the order of tens of seconds. It may even be the case that the 'loops' we observe consist of many sub-resolution plasma strands. The research proposed will link sophisticated hydrodynamic (HD) and magnetostatic (MS) modelling of solar atmospheric loops to the very latest space-based solar observations (from SOHO and TRACE) as well as lay important groundwork for future solar missions (SolarB, STEREO, SDO). In particular, the programme aims include (i) the construction for the first time of a fully HD, multi-strand loop model undergoing random heating bursts and the calculation of observables thereof; (ii) testing a range of diagnostic techniques used to calculate the temperature and density structure along loops; (iii) a thorough examination of the nature of cool, transition region loops and (iv) tracking the motions of magnetic flux fragment sources in high time resolution photospheric magnetogram data and analysing the consequence of this activity on the observed overlying magnetic loop canopy via EUV observations.

Abstracts are not currently available in GtR for all funded research. This is normally because the abstract was not required at the time of proposal submission, but may be because it included sensitive information such as personal details.

When human beings are getting older they may lose their ability to move freely in the environment. This decrease in movement ability can be the consequence of biological or psychological factors, or a disease of the neuromuscular system. As people age, there is a natural decrease in muscular strength, flexibility and the ability to maintain balance. Additionally, with aging, people may develop fear of falling or become less confident in their ability to move in unfamiliar surroundings. Finally, there are a number of neuromuscular diseases which become more common later on in life, like Parkinson, dementia, stroke or lower limb amputations impinging on one?s health. It is the aim of the participating scientists to investigate what the consequences are and how individuals cope at different stages in their lives with decreases in their ability to move or when they develop a neuromuscular disease. For example, we aim to investigate movement characteristics (biomechanical analysis) that change with ageing, as well as how these and neuromuscular diseases affect individuals? quality-of-life and general well-being. In addition, we would like to find out how certain factors like physical fitness, disease status, or resilience might influence the development of movement problems. The Network consists of academics from a number of prestigious higher education institutions with diverse backgrounds and expertise including biomechanics, psychology, medical engineering, movement science, and public health. The Network is supported by various health-care providers and community organisations with whom we collaboratively shape the research agenda. We propose to hold a number of joint meetings with all stakeholders to develop the course of the research. Initially, the different institutions involved will work in dyads to explore specific research targets. The overall aim of these dyads is to become familiar with the needs, expertise and scientific approach of all partners. Each dyad meeting will produce a position statement which will then be used to develop a full research programme. We expect working in such a way, novel research methodologies can be developed to investigate changes in movement behaviour as we age or develop a disease. The ultimate aim of the Network is to present healthcare providers with better treatment and intervention options which will help to maintain and/or improve movement ability of individuals as they age which in turn will improve general well-being and quality-of-life and the possibility to live an independent life.

This interdisciplinary research network brings together academics, representatives from the creative industries, policy-makers, and activist groups to explore the legacies and possible futures of modern architecture: buildings like Birmingham Central Library, London's South Bank Centre, St Peter's Seminary and Preston Bus Station, whose future is currently being actively debated. In September 2013 Preston Bus Station was granted listed Grade II status following a sustained period of campaigning that involved conservation societies, architectural enthusiasts, local activists, artists, filmmakers and everyday bus users supporting this example of Brutalist architecture. Such widespread public support and interest in post-war modernism (although long the focus of architectural conservation societies) is a recent phenomenon. It took fifteen years of lobbying and campaigning to get Preston Bus Station listed, yet it was only in the last two years that the fate of this municipally owned building became something that garnered national and international attention. This is a reflection of the new and diverse interpretations of modern architecture that are now emerging, and of the novel activist and creative alliances that are being formed to celebrate and campaign for particular buildings and styles. Coming at a moment when post-war architectural modernism is the focus of growing interest, but is still controversial and contested, an examination of the possible futures of this building style is critical and timely. Drawing on the perspectives of academics, professionals and community groups, the network will ask, for example, how is modern architecture valued (economically, socially and politically)? Who is speaking out for this architectural style? What groups and alliances have formed around particular buildings threatened with demolition? What gets knocked down, what gets saved? Who decides - market forces or public opinion? How might modern buildings be adapted and reused if their original purpose is no longer relevant? What does listed status mean for modern buildings? A safe future, or being destined to be mothballed as examples of 'historic interest'? The answers will provide new directions for conservation and regeneration policy, academic debate, and creative practice.

Astronomical observations in the last few decades have challenged our understanding of planet formation. It is believed that giant planets form either by core-accretion (the standard planet formation theory), i.e. the growth of dust particles to progressively larger aggregates until a solid core forms that can attract a gaseous envelope, or via disc instability, i.e. the gravitational fragmentation of massive protostellar discs. The standard planet formation theory was originally developed to explain our Solar System, which turned out to be totally different from observed exoplanetary systems. In this project, the student will use the radiative hydrodynamic code "Phantom" to perform a set of protostellar disc simulations to determine the properties of the protoplanets produced by disc fragmentation. He will first improve the code by including the effects of radiative transfer and develop a tracking algorithm to understand the properties of the gas that ends up in the planet. The main area of the project is on astrophysical hydrodynamics and planet formation that fall within the scope of STFC.