This initiative proposes an innovative training environment for 3 ESRs in a supportive environment provided by an award-winning progressive wave energy company (Aquamarine Power Ltd) and a research centre at the forefront of innovation in wave energy device optimisation and control (the Centre for Ocean Energy Research at NUIM). The ESRs will be recruited by COER and will be seconded for 50% of their time to APL. There is a clear need for a training programme that integrates academic and industrial contributions. The proposed programme integrates formal and informal training activities with a rich set of industry-academic research projects, supported by significant secondment to the industrial partner and experience with real-world tank and ocean testing, wave-energy device deployment and implementation of new research results in state-of-the-art wave energy technology. The ESRs will be enrolled in a Structured PhD programme at NUIM, and will benefit from a series of structured training models. The training programme is complemented by a set of network-wide training activities. The research programme is composed of 3 closely-knit projects in the research area of wave energy and ocean energy, which allow the ESRs to have significant interaction, yet providing each ESR with an independent set of objectives and the opportunity to play a significant role in the rapidly developing area of wave energy conversion. With a clear global requirement to provide new energy sources, this programme aims to contribute to both the rapid commercialisation of a viable and economic wave energy technology, while also providing a pipeline of well-trained engineers with research, technical and commercial skills which are badly needed by this rapidly-expanding industrial sector.

Advanced composites have potentially transformative properties compared to other construction materials that offer unparalleled structural solutions. Composites have impacted the aerospace and automotive industries, resulting in lighter, energy efficient solutions. We aim to translate this paradigm to the construction industry by tackling the single largest factor limiting their uptake - durability. This will be achieved through the development of methodology/tools for durability assessment/design. In the DURACOMP project the consortium team shall investigate the long-term degradation processes of construction composites in order to enhance confidence in their durability. We will achieve this through an ambitious, integrated programme of physical testing and computational modelling that will bring new insights into the behaviour of composites. A structural-level testing programme, augmented by selected material-scale tests, coupled with uncertainty qualification and quantification, will be undertaken. The consortium team will utilise advances in multi-scale analysis to develop a computational, predictive modelling capability for the response of degrading of composites. This will enable us to investigate and design the reliability of service lives of safety critical structures.

The primary aim of the project is the assessment of the extreme wave loads on WECs using numerical models validated against experimental observations and full-scale prototype data. The project team combines institutions with significant experience in research into extreme waves (Imperial College), wave energy converters (Queen's University Belfast) and numerical modelling (Manchester Metropolitan University), forming a strong and well-balanced consortium. They will be supported by a steering committee comprising a number of key industrial practitioners and stakeholders, bringing in a wide range of backgrounds from device developers, certifying bodies and the offshore industry. In designing wave energy converters (WECs), scientists and engineers face the challenge of having to compromise between two competing criteria. The power take-off, with all associated mechanical and electrical components having to be optimised for an annual average or nominal sea state. At the same time all these components will have to withstand large storm events, where the applied fluid loads are substantially higher compared to the nominal sea state. A successful design is inevitably characterised by one that balances these two criteria. Identifying such a balance at an early design stage (prior to expensive small or large scale physical model testing) requires accurate, reliable and efficient numerical models appropriate to both design criteria. Survivability defines the long term success of a WEC, and must be addressed by design. Water waves exhibit inherent nonlinearities, which are functions of the wave steepness. In severe sea states, linear models fail to predict the fluid kinematics. As a result, the numerical modelling of wave loading in severe sea states is challenging; the loads being directly affected by the underlying fluid kinematics. Further, the occurrences of wave impacts, wave breaking and air entrainment pose additional challenges. An accurate description of wave nonlinearities, combined with the ability to model local loading effects, is key to the success of the numerical modelling. The project team brings in world-leading expertise in the development of numerical models. In fact, these models have now reached a level of sophistication where a direct comparison with experimental data is practical. The integrated research programme builds upon (i) The latest advances in Met-Ocean, providing a realistic input to both the numerical and the experimental modelling (ii) Numerical modelling based on a hierarchical approach, ranging from linear and fully nonlinear potential flow models to fully nonlinear viscous flow solvers (iii) Extensive experimental investigation using state-of-the-art wave testing facilities appropriate to both shallow and intermediate / deep water conditions (iv) Comparisons with field data relating to loading of prototype WECs The results of the numerical models will be analysed to provide guidance on the appropriateness of particular models, as well as issues associated with the scaling of extreme loads. This will enable an estimation of the uncertainty in extreme loads based on the modelling technique adopted. The research programme initially focuses on two generic device types, and guidelines for the application of the models to other WECs will be developed. In summary, the project is defined by a twin-track approach, combining advanced numerical models and careful experimental practice; the results of which will help to facilitate the large-scale deployment of wave energy converters.

Robots will revolutionise the world's economy and society over the next twenty years, working for us, beside us and interacting with us. The UK urgently needs graduates with the technical skills and industry awareness to create an innovation pipeline from academic research to global markets. Key application areas include manufacturing, assistive and medical robots, offshore energy, environmental monitoring, search and rescue, defence, and support for the aging population. The robotics and autonomous systems area has been highlighted by the UK Government in 2013 as one the 8 Great Technologies that underpin the UK's Industrial Strategy for jobs and growth. The essential challenge can be characterised as how to obtain successful INTERACTIONS. Robots must interact physically with environments, requiring compliant manipulation, active sensing, world modelling and planning. Robots must interact with each other, making collaborative decisions between multiple, decentralised, heterogeneous robotic systems to achieve complex tasks. Robots must interact with people in smart spaces, taking into account human perception mechanisms, shared control, affective computing and natural multi-modal interfaces.Robots must introspect for condition monitoring, prognostics and health management, and long term persistent autonomy including validation and verification. Finally, success in all these interactions depend on engineering enablers, including architectural system design, novel embodiment, micro and nano-sensors, and embedded multi-core computing. The Edinburgh alliance in Robotics and Autonomous Systems (EDU-RAS) provides an ideal environment for a Centre for Doctoral Training (CDT) to meet these needs. Heriot Watt University and the University of Edinburgh combine internationally leading science with an outstanding track record of exploitation, and world class infrastructure enhanced by a recent £7.2M EPSRC plus industry capital equipment award (ROBOTARIUM). A critical mass of experienced supervisors cover the underpinning disciplines crucial to autonomous interaction, including robot learning, field robotics, anthropomorphic & bio-inspired designs, human robot interaction, embedded control and sensing systems, multi-agent decision making and planning, and multimodal interaction. The CDT will enable student-centred collaboration across topic boundaries, seeking new research synergies as well as developing and fielding complete robotic or autonomous systems. A CDT will create cohort of students able to support each other in making novel connections between problems and methods; with sufficient shared understanding to communicate easily, but able to draw on each other's different, developing, areas of cutting-edge expertise. The CDT will draw on a well-established program in postgraduate training to create an innovative four year PhD, with taught courses on the underpinning theory and state of the art and research training closely linked to career relevant skills in creativity, ethics and innovation. The proposed centre will have a strong participative industrial presence; thirty two user partners have committed to £9M (£2.4M direct, £6.6M in kind) support; and to involvement including Membership of External Advisory Board to direct and govern the program, scoping particular projects around specific interests, co-funding of PhD studentships, access to equipment and software, co-supervision of students, student placements, contribution to MSc taught programs, support for student robot competition entries including prize money, and industry lead training on business skills. Our vision for the Centre is as a major international force that can make a generational leap in the training of innovation-ready postgraduates who are experienced in deployment of robotic and autonomous systems in the real world.

The proposal is to establish a new Collaborative Computational Project (CCP) serving the UK re-search community in the area of wave structure interactions (WSI). The new CCP-WSI will bring together computational scientists, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) specialists and experimentalists to develop a UK national numerical wave tank (NWT) facility fully complementary to existing and future UK experimental laboratory facilities for marine, coastal offshore engineering and thus support leading-edge research in an area of high national importance. Substantial progress has been made on a number of past and current EPSRC project grants held by the lead partners in this CCP bid to develop and test the primary elements of a numerical wave tank and to carry out cutting edge wave impact experiments alongside new opensource CFD code development. We believe it is timely to focus the activities of the community on the development of opensource NWT code held within a central code repository (CCPForge). The code will be professionally software engineered and maintainable, tested and validated against measurement data provided by the partner experimentalists, whilst remaining sufficient flexibility to meet the requirements of all members of the WSI community. This model for sharing developments collaboratively within a consortium of partners within a central code repository that is sustainably managed for the future has been developed by the lead partners in related EPSRC funded research projects. The proposed CCP-WSI would extend the framework and methodology for sharing and future proofing EPSRC funded code developments in wave structure interaction to the wider community. This is proposed through a programme of community events and activities which are designed to foster the links between experimentalists and those performing computations, between industry users, academics and the interested public.