Integrated localization and communications (ILAC) is a key feature of the future sixth-generation (6G) network. Benefiting from wide coverage and flexible deployment, operating ILAC in low-earth-orbit (LEO) satellite systems is a promising way to provide ubiquitously flexible localization and high-capacity communication. Particularly, in terms of localization, LEO satellite systems can break through limitations of global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) and provide superior signal quality for ILAC service. Although the LEO satellite systems are crucial for future 6G networks, they also bring challenges. First, the current signal waveforms for LEO satellite systems are primarily optimized for communication purposes, which may fail to meet the requirements of ILAC in the 6G networks. Second, the high mobility of LEO satellites leads to time-varying channels and significant Doppler shifts in satellite-ground links. Conventional positioning methods, generally tailored for terrestrial signal waveforms and assuming linear time-invariant channels, will be suboptimal in this new scenario. To address these challenges, this research aims to develop novel integrated localization and communication methods tailored for 6G LEO satellite systems with time-varying channels. To this end, three work packages (WPs) are conducted. WP1 is to design advance signal waveforms for integrated localization and communication in 6G LEO satellite systems and conduct a performance analysis considering the time-varying channel. WP2 is to develop advanced LEO satellite-based localization and tracking algorithms for moving targets. WP3 is to develop adaptive resource allocation and satellite handover algorithms for ILAC with multiple LEO satellites. This project aims to develop innovative integrated localization and communications techniques for 6G LEO satellite systems, facilitating precise positioning and high-data-rate communications for moving targets.

The PRISM-LT aims at creating a flexible platform for next generation living tissue manufacturing based on Hybrid Living Materials. We plan to design a novel bio-ink where stem cells are integrated in a support matrix enriched with engineered helper cells (either bacteria or yeasts, depending on the application and requirements). Tuning the operational parameters of the bioprinting process, we will cast down the material controlling the mechanical properties of each “voxel”, to get to a 3D patterned structure where stem cells are locally induced to initiate their differentiation towards different lineages. As far as stem cells proliferate, the helpers remain in a quiescent state. However, when the stem cells get stimulated by the local (printed) mechanics and enter a differentiation pathway, they start secreting a pool of lineage-specific metabolites. The helper cells are designed to sense these early markers of differentiation, and to respond by producing in-situ the corresponding growth factors, providing the relevant chemical guidance. Helper cells within the platform amplify the initial lineage commitment in each area and dynamically sustain differentiation on a longer term. During the project we will implement this strategy and develop two independent symbiotic materials, targeting biomedical and food applications, respectively.