Artificial Intelligence (AI) holds enormous potential for enhancing human decisions, improving cognitive overload and lowering bias in high-stakes scenarios. Adoption of AI-based support systems in such applications is however minimal, chiefly due to the difficulty of assessing their assumptions, limitations and intentions. In order to realise the promise of AI for individuals, society and economy, people should feel they can trust AIs in terms of reliability, capacity to understand the human’s needs, and guarantees that they are genuinely aiming at helping them. TANGO will develop the theoretical basis and computational framework for hybrid decision support systems (HDSS) in which humans and machines are aligned in terms of values and goals, know their respective strengths, and work together to reach an optimal decision. To this end, TANGO will develop: 1) A cognitive theory of mutual understanding and hybrid decision making, of intuitive vs deliberative approaches to decision making and of how they affect our trust in human and AI teammates. 2) Cognition-aware explainable AIs implementing synergistic human-machine interaction, enabling machines to determine what information a specific decision maker (e.g., layperson vs expert) needs, or does not need, to reach an informed decision. 3) A “Human-in-the-loop” co-evolution of human decision making and machine learning models building on bi-directional, explanation-augmented interlocution. The TANGO framework will be evaluated on four high impact use cases, namely supporting: i) women during pregnancy and postpartum, ii) surgical teams in intraoperative decision making, iii) loan officers and applicants in credit lending decision processes, and iv) public policy makers in designing incentives and allocating funds. Success in these case studies will establish TANGO as the framework of reference for developing a new generation of synergistic AI systems, and will strengthen the leadership of Europe in human-centric AI.

CyberSec4Europe is a research-based consortium with 44 participants covering 21 EU Member States and Associated Countries. It has received more than 40 support letters and promises of cooperation from public administrations, international organisations, and key associations worldwide including Europe (such as ECSO), Asia, and North America. As pilot for a Cybersecurity Competence Network, it will test and demonstrate potential governance structures for the network of competence centres using the best practices examples from the expertise and experience of the participants, including concepts like CERN. CyberSec4Europe will support addressing key EU Directives and Regulations, such as GDPR, PSD2, eIDAS, and ePrivacy, and help to implement the EU Cybersecurity Act including, but not limited to supporting the development of the European skills-base, the certification framework and ENISA’s role. The 26 ECSO participants in CyberSec4Europe are active in all 6 ECSO Working Groups, including chairing many subgroups in cybersecurity certification, vertical sectors, and international cooperation, as well as having representatives on the ECSO Board of Directors and the Cybersecurity Public-Private Partnership Board. CyberSec4Europe participants address 14 key cybersecurity domain areas, 11 technology/applications elements and nine crucial vertical sectors. With over 100 cybersecurity projects, CyberSec4Europe participants have been addressing a comprehensive set of issues across the cybersecurity domain. The project demonstration cases will address cybersecurity challenges within the vertical sectors of digital infrastructure, finance, government and smart cities, health and medicine and transportation. In addition to the demonstration of the governance structure and the operation of the network, CyberSec4Europe will develop a roadmap and recommendations for the implementation of the Network of Competence Centres using the practical experience gained in the project.

Chronic infections represent a major cause of human cancer: on a global scale, they are responsible for an estimated 13% of human cancers. Helicobacter pylori (Hp), Hepatitis C virus (HCV), and Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) are responsible together for 75% of these cases, or 10% of total cancer burden [De Martel et al., 2020]. Occupation health surveillance is mandatory in all European countries: although the mechanisms of its implementation vary between the countries, these programs are in general aimed at diagnosing and preventing work-related diseases. Prevention of occupational cancers has therefore been a component of occupational health surveillance. In recent years, however, there has been a movement towards including in occupational health surveillance aspects of health promotion which are not occupational in a strict sense. This approach stems from several considerations: (i) the contact between the worker and the health professional in charge of the surveillance can be seen as a privileged opportunity for health promotion in general; (ii) through the worker, the health promotion initiative may reach other groups of the population; (iii) because of the periodic nature of the visits entailed by the occupational health surveillance, it is possible to efficiently implement follow-up mechanisms. The conceptual framework of the proposed research is based on the incorporation into on-going occupational surveillance schemes of primary prevention programs against infection with Hp, HCV and HPV. The overarching objectives of the proposed research are: - to conduct a series of pilot projects aimed at assessing the effectiveness (including cost-effectiveness) of incorporating primary prevention interventions against Hp, HCV and HPV into existing occupational surveillance systems in high-risk populations, including its impact beyond the workers directly involved in the pilot projects; - to identify barriers and bottlenecks for the implementation of such interventions. This action is part of the Cancer Mission cluster of projects on ‘Prevention and early detection'.