5G is arguably the most energy-hungry mobile technology yet, with a scalability close to the limit of what the planet and society can environmentally and practically afford. There is already plenty of research towards sustainable and zero-energy end-devices, but huge gains in the energy efficiency and sustainability of the power-hungry network infrastructure behind them are still to be achieved. SAMBAS’ project vision represents a holistic approach in driving a significantly more sustainable B5G/6G wireless communications network, where joint considerations of radical innovations at radio, network, and service levels will lead to critically reduced power needs. SAMBAS contributes towards this goal by developing an innovative sustainable millimetre wave (mmWave) micro base station (µBS) that makes effective use of renewable energy harvesting in combination with extremely energy-efficient hardware, and communications protocols to reduce power consumption >99%. At the networking level, we aim to reduce signalling overhead and energy requirements by an order of magnitude through distributed in-band context dissemination and energy-aware networking. Finally, through joint energy-aware network and cloud resource optimization, a sustainable end-to-end mmWave-based system will be developed. We target B5G performance in terms of latency, ultra-high capacity data rates (>44 Gb/s), reliability, and range, while targeting a 99% reduction in the reliance on non-renewable energy sources. An integrated prototype will be validated via a multi-user indoor interactive virtual reality application, and an outdoors vehicular communications application.

The DREAMS project aims to examine how co-created and user-centric mobility services, mobility and flexible activity hubs can contribute to accessible, sustainable and inclusive 15mC neighbourhoods in urban outskirts in European cities and regions. DREAMS will conduct research in six living labs across Europe: Budapest, Brussels, Munich, Paris, Utrecht and Vienna. DREAMS will firstly provide a comprehensive and comparative analysis of 15mC lifestyles in a variety of low- to mid-density suburban and urban outskirts in the five regions. Secondly, DREAMS will develop and test new business models and governance frameworks for new shared mobility services and flexible activity hubs in low/medium density areas. Thirdly, DREAMS will develop and apply a decision support tool for the co-creation and impact assessment of mobility services, mobility hubs and flexible activity hubs in the DREAMS living labs. Fourthly, DREAMS will examine the mobility, accessibility and wider societal impacts of the mobility services, mobility hubs and flexible activity hubs services. Finally, the last aim is to give policy recommendations on pathways towards creating sustainable and inclusive urban mobility in 15mC neighbourhoods in urban outskirts through the utilisation of co-created and user-centric mobility services, mobility and flexible activity hubs and new governance-business models

Topological quantum computing (TQC) is an emerging field with strong benefits for prospective applications, since it provides an elegant way around decoherence. The theory of TQC progressed very rapidly during the last decade from various qubit realizations to scalable computational protocols. However, experimental realization of these concepts lags behind. Important experimental milestones have been achieved recently, by demonstrating the first signatures of Majorana states which are the simplest non-Abelian anyons. However, to realize fully topologically protected universal quantum computation, more exotic anyons, such as parafermions are required. Thus, the unambiguous demonstration of parafermion states will have a great impact on the development of universal quantum computation. The experimental realization of parafermions is challenging, since they are based on the combination of various ingredients, such as crossed Andreev reflection, electron-electron or spin-orbit interaction, and high quality quantum conductors. Thus, the investigation of all these ingredients is essential and timely to achieve further experimental progress. The team of SuperTop is composed of six leading groups with strong and complementary experimental background in these areas with the aim to realize parafermions in double nanowire-based hybrid devices (DNW) for the first time. The main objectives of SuperTop are: a) development of different DNW geometries, which consist of two parallel 1D spin-orbit nanowires coupled by a thin superconductor stripe and b) investigation of the emerging exotic bound states at the superconductor/semiconductor interface of the DNW. SuperTop first grows state-of-the-art InAs and InSb based nanostructures, in particular InAs nanowires (NWs) with in-situ grown epitaxial superconducting layer, NWs with built-in InP barriers and InSb nanoflakes. Based on these high quality materials, different device geometries of DNW are fabricated and the emerging novel states are investigated. The topological character, quantum phase transition, coherence time, coupling strength to QED as key features of the engineered new states are planned to be addressed by various cutting-edge low temperature measurement techniques (e.g. non-local spectroscopy, noise, current-phase relationship measurement or integration into coplanar resonators). The experimental team of SuperTop is supported by in-house theoretical experts of TQC, who will contribute to the interpretation of the results and development of technologically feasible topologically protected quantum architectures. The research project of SuperTop is strongly linked to various targeted outcomes of the QuantERA call (see the related outcomes in ). Our advanced multidisciplinary work aims to engineer the central building block of a new architecture of quantum computation , so called parafermions. In order to do so, SuperTop investigates novel superconductor/semiconductor hybrid devices to realize engineered topologically protected quantum systems. . Thereby our activity will contribute to develop novel ideas in quantum science , which could lead to built-in protection of quantum information as a radically enhanced functionality. The expected topological protection will be a game changer and will help to realize universal quantum computing, which is one of the pillars of the EU Quantum Manifesto.

Atomically thin layered magnetic materials (LMMs) constitute an ideal platform to study magnetism in reduced dimensions. One of the key features that distinguish LMMs from conventional bulk magnetic compounds is the tunability of their magnetic properties, which stems from their reduced dimensionality and the extremely high surface-to-volume ratio. So far, the magnetic response of LMMs has been significantly altered only by using conventional approaches such as electrostatic gating. Molecular functionalization, which is an extremely powerful method to tune the optoelectronic properties of non-magnetic 2D materials and to modify the magnetism of conventional metallic surfaces, has not yet been explored on LMMs. MULTISPIN proposes to take advantage of the chemical programmability of (macro)molecules to engineer the physical and chemical properties of LMMs, enabling the precise tuning of their magnetic properties and the demonstration of opto-spintronic devices with new functionalities. MULTISPIN will make active use of specific capabilities offered by different classes of molecules, such as molecular dopants, ferroelectric polymers, photochromic molecules and organometallic compounds with a predictable spin configuration. By interfacing these systems to LMMs, MULTISPIN will provide decisive answers to four relevant questions: can we improve the air stability and increase the Curie temperature of LMMs? Can we impart new functionalities to LMMs, including photo-responsivity and dynamically tunable exchange bias? Can we demonstrate multiresponsive spintronic devices based on LMMs with a tailored light response? Can we induce ferromagnetism in non-magnetic layered materials through molecular functionalization? In answering these questions, MULTISPIN will unravel the fundamental interplay between structural, electronic and magnetic properties in LMMs, making it possible to develop new hybrid materials with dynamically tunable properties. Our multidisciplinary team brings together world-leading groups with complementary skills and expertise, encompassing molecular and 2D spintronics, molecular functionalization of 2D materials, and first principle calculations. Our comprehensive multiscale experimental and theoretical approach will enable an unprecedented control over the LMM magnetic state, providing additional functionalities, which will be integrated in novel proof‐of‐principle devices. On the long term, the strategies and knowledge developed in MULTISPIN can have a real impact in technologically strategic applications in the IT sector such as data storage, embedded memories and computer logics, towards the next generation of smart computing.

5G is arguably the most energy-hungry mobile technology yet, with a scalability close to the limit of what the planet and society can environmentally and practically afford. There is already plenty of research towards sustainable and zero-energy end-devices, but huge gains in the energy efficiency and sustainability of the power-hungry network infrastructure behind them are still to be achieved. SAMBAS’ project vision represents a holistic approach in driving a significantly more sustainable B5G/6G wireless communications network, where joint considerations of radical innovations at radio, network, and service levels will lead to critically reduced power needs. SAMBAS contributes towards this goal by developing an innovative sustainable millimetre wave (mmWave) micro base station (µBS) that makes effective use of renewable energy harvesting in combination with extremely energy-efficient hardware, and communications protocols to reduce power consumption >99%. At the networking level, we aim to reduce signalling overhead and energy requirements by an order of magnitude through distributed in-band context dissemination and energy-aware networking. Finally, through joint energy-aware network and cloud resource optimization, a sustainable end-to-end mmWavebased system will be developed. We target B5G performance in terms of latency, ultra-high capacity data rates (>44 Gb/s), reliability, and range, while targeting a 99% reduction in the reliance on non-renewable energy sources. An integrated prototype will be validated via a multi-user indoor interactive virtual reality application, and an outdoors vehicular communications application.